A theoretically and empirically based model explaining the relationships between
self-efficacy, effort-regulation strategy use, and L2 vocabulary skills was investigated.
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Two of the three hypotheses indicated in the model were supported by the present data,
indicating that some of the relationships described in the educational psychology literature
might also hold true for English vocabulary learning. Self-efficacy significantly influenced
effort regulation strategy use, which in turn significantly predicted L2 vocabulary skills.
However, as discussed above, there is a limitation of the present findings; namely, while it
is true that the data fit the present model, there are possibilities that alternative models
exist. Therefore, it is desirable that replication studies using similar participants (i.e.,
English majors in EFL contexts) should be conducted in order to lend robust support to the
results of the present study