Each wine sample (5 mL) was placed in a 15 mL SPME glass vial together with 3 g of sodium chloride and 5 mL of the internal standard 2-octanol (40.34 mg/L in absolute ethanol). The vial was tightly capped, and then incubated for 15 min at 50 C to equilibrate and the sample was extracted for 30 min at 45 C. After extraction, the fiber was introduced into the injection port of the GC-MS system (at 250 C for 3 min) and the analytes extracted from the fiber were thermally desorbed.