Kata’ib Hezbollah (KH) is an Iranian-sponsored, anti-American Shiite militia operating in Iraq.
During the U.S.-led war in Iraq that began in 2003, KH earned a reputation for planting deadly
roadside bombs and using improvised rocket-assisted mortars (IRAMs) to attack U.S. and
coalition forces.27 According to U.S. diplomat Ali Khedery, KH is responsible for “some of the most lethal attacks against U.S. and coalition forces throughout the [U.S.-led war in Iraq].” The
group’s leader, Abu Mahdi al-Mohandes, is the alleged mastermind behind the U.S. and French
embassy bombings in Kuwait in 1983 and the assassination attempt on Kuwait’s emir in 1985.