This paper presented a detailed analysis of Vietnam’s national logistics system based on the four key dimensions of infrastructure, service providers, shippers/consignees, and institutional framework. It is based on a comprehensive review of related literature, secondary data in reports from international and national agencies as well as carefully conducted semi-structured interviews with key players representing dimensions of Vietnam’s national logistics system. It was found that Vietnam’s logistics system capability is subject to constraints in all of the key logistics dimension. Specifically, the infrastructure in still lacking, especially facilities that could facilities domestic and international freight storage and movement specifically in the freight sector. The institutional framework is segmented with state agencies understanding logistics approach to logistics policy is therefore needed to integrate all logistics approaches. Local logistics service providers still suffers some limited capability and would require higher level of technical know-how in order to better