A potential explanation for our results for H2 is that the negative in translation - A potential explanation for our results for H2 is that the negative in Indonesian how to say

A potential explanation for our res

A potential explanation for our results for H2 is that the negative information is more salient
than information indicating which measures were SL. For the negativity present condition,
participants received the actual BSC performance results, which showed that Manager A had
negative performance on some measures but the BSC itself did not include information about
whether a measure was SL or NSL (e.g., see Appendix B). Instead, information indicating which
measures were SL was included on a separate page presenting the strategy map. Therefore, it is
possible that the results for H2 may reflect the differential salience and availability of negative
information relative to information indicating which measures were SL.14 This is, while H2 predicts
that automatic processing of negative information will dominate the intentional processing of the
importance of SL measures, the results could be driven by the negative information being more
salient than the SL/NSL measures simply because negative information was on the BSC that
managers reviewed but SL/NSL information was on the previous page. Experiment two was
conducted to explore this possibility.
We ran a 132 experimental design. Negativity present was held constant and dominance was
manipulated (Manager A dominant on SL or NSL measures). The task setting was identical to the
same cells of the previous experiment with one change. On the BSC showing actual performance
results (including the negative performance), we added a column for ‘‘type of measure’’ and
indicated whether the measure was ‘‘strategic’’ or ‘‘non-strategic.’’ This design allowed negativity
and strategic information to be on the same page and rule out incremental salience of negative
information as an alternative explanation.
Thirty-one M.B.A. students participated in the experiment and, similar to experiment one, had
recently taken coursework on the BSC and strategy maps. The mean age was 35.8, with a mean of
14.6 years of work experience. Seventy-four percent were male and 84 percent had previously
evaluated employees.
Participants responded to the same manipulation questions asking whether each manager had
outperformed all of their targets. Four participants failed to correctly respond to both questions (13
percent) and, consistent with experiment one, were dropped from analysis. Using the remaining 27
participants, we find that when negativity is present and Manager A dominates on NSL measures,
the mean evaluation difference score is 3.39 (standard deviation of 1.56). This is significantly
below 0 (t-statistic of 7.84, one-tailed p-value of , 0.001). When negativity is present and SL
measures are dominant, the mean evaluation difference score is1.57 (standard deviation of 2.21),
which is significantly less than 0 (t-statistic of2.66, one-tailed p-value , 0.01). Therefore, we find
that when a manager underperforms on either SL or NSL measures, those measures are weighted
more heavily than other measures exhibiting above-target performance. These results provide
further support for H2 and eliminate salience as a potential explanation for our results.
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Satu penjelasan yang berpotensi untuk kami hasil H2 adalah bahwa informasi yang negatif lebih menonjoldari informasi menunjukkan langkah-langkah yang sedang SL. Untuk keadaan negatif,peserta menerima hasil kinerja BSC sebenarnya, yang menunjukkan bahwa manajer A memilikinegatif kinerja pada beberapa langkah-langkah tapi BSC itu sendiri tidak termasuk informasi tentangApakah ukuran adalah SL atau NSL (misalnya, lihat Lampiran B). Sebaliknya, informasi yang menunjukkanlangkah-langkah yang SL termasuk pada halaman terpisah menyajikan strategi peta. Oleh karena itu,mungkin bahwa hasil H2 mungkin mencerminkan arti-penting diferensial dan ketersediaan negatifinformasi dibandingkan dengan informasi yang menunjukkan langkah-langkah yang telah SL.14 ini adalah, sementara H2 memprediksipemrosesan otomatis informasi negatif akan mendominasi pengolahan disengajamengukur pentingnya SL, hasilnya bisa didorong oleh informasi negatif lebihpenutup dari SL/NSL mengukur hanya karena informasi negatif di BSC yangManajer ditinjau tetapi SL NSL informasi pada halaman sebelumnya. Percobaan duadilakukan untuk mengeksplorasi kemungkinan ini.Kami berlari desain eksperimental 132. Negatif hadir diadakan konstan dan dominasi adalahdimanipulasi (manajer A dominan pada langkah-langkah SL atau NSL). Pengaturan tugas ini identik dengansel-sel yang sama percobaan sebelumnya dengan satu perubahan. Pada BSC menampilkan kinerja aktualhasil (termasuk kinerja negatif), kami menambahkan sebuah kolom untuk '' jenis ukuran '' danmenunjukkan apakah ukuran '' strategis '' atau '' non-strategis.'' Desain ini diperbolehkan negatifdan strategis informasi pada halaman yang sama dan mengesampingkan arti-penting bertahap dari negatifinformasi sebagai alternatif penjelasan.Tiga puluh satu M.B.A. siswa berpartisipasi dalam percobaan dan sejenisnya untuk percobaanBaru saja diambil kursus di maps BSC dan strategi. Usia rata-rata adalah 35.8, dengan rata-rata dari14.6 tahun pengalaman kerja. Tujuh puluh empat persen adalah pria dan 84 persen sebelumnyadievaluasi karyawan.Peserta menanggapi pertanyaan manipulasi yang sama yang bertanya apakah manajer masing-masing memilikimengungguli semua target mereka. Empat peserta yang gagal untuk benar merespon pertanyaan kedua (13persen) dan, sesuai dengan percobaan, dijatuhkan dari analisis. Menggunakan sisa 27peserta, kami menemukan bahwa ketika negatif hadir dan manajer A mendominasi pada langkah-langkah NSL,Evaluasi berarti perbedaan Skor adalah 3.39 (standar deviasi dari 1,56). Ini secara signifikandi bawah 0 (Statistik-t 7,84, satu p-nilai 0.001). Ketika ada negatif dan SLlangkah-langkah dominan, evaluasi berarti perbedaan Skor 1,57 (standar deviasi 2,21),mana secara signifikan kurang dari 0 (Statistik-t 2.66, satu p-nilai, 0.01). Oleh karena itu, kita menemukanbahwa ketika seorang manajer underperforms SL atau NSL langkah-langkah, langkah-langkah tersebut yang berbobotlebih berat daripada ukuran lain berpameran di atas target kinerja. Hasil ini memberikanlebih lanjut dukungan untuk H2 dan menghilangkan arti-penting sebagai satu penjelasan yang berpotensi untuk hasil kami.
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