A hormone injection has been shown

A hormone injection has been shown to be a safe and effective method of contraception - for men.

US researchers say the jab was almost 96% effective in tests on around 270 men who were using it, with four pregnancies among their partners.

However, a relatively high number developed side effects, including acne and mood disorders.

Researchers have been investigating potential for male hormonal contraceptives for around 20 years.

They have all been looking for an effective way of suppressing sperm production without causing unpleasant or unbearable side effects.

Because men constantly produce sperm, high levels of hormones are needed to reduce levels from the normal sperm count of over 15 million per millilitre to under one million/ml.
Mood disorders

This study was published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, and published by the Endocrine Society.

It looked at men aged 18-45 who had been in monogamous relationships for at least a year - and whose partners had agreed to take part.

The men's sperm counts were checked at the beginning of the study, to ensure they were normal.

They then had two hormone injections (progesterone and a form of testosterone) every eight weeks, and were monitored for up to six months until their sperm count fell to under a million.

They were then asked to rely on the jab, which they continued to have at the same interval, as their only form of contraception during the efficacy stage of the study, which lasted for up to a year,

Once they stopped having the injections, they were monitored to see how quickly their sperm counts recovered.

Eight men had not recovered their normal sperm counts a year after the study ended.

Dr Mario Festin, of the World Health Organization (WHO) in Geneva, who carried out the study, said: "The study found it is possible to have a hormonal contraceptive for men that reduces the risk of unplanned pregnancies in the partners of men who use it."

The researchers stopped taking on new participants in 2011 after concerns were raised about side effects such as depression and other mood disorders, as well as muscle pain and acne.

Such side effects caused 20 men to drop out of the study and were reported by many others,
Unmet need

Dr Festin said other researchers were now looking at combining different levels of the same hormones, and different ways of delivering them, such as gels.

He added: "This has been one step in a long journey of finding the right combination for male hormonal contraception."

Allan Pacey, professor of andrology at the University of Sheffield, said: "There is certainly an unmet need for an effective reversible contraceptive for men, along the lines of the hormonal contraceptive for women.

"However, none of the preparations that have been developed and tested to date have managed to become a commercial reality for one reason or another."

He said the contraceptive in this study was "extremely effective and therefore certainly has promise" and that the number of side effects seen was a concern.

But he added: "It is noteworthy that 75% of the men who took part in the trial would be willing to use this method of contraception again.

"So perhaps the side-effects weren't all that bad after all.

Results (Arabic) 1:

A hormone injection has been shown to be a safe and effective method of contraception - for men.US researchers say the jab was almost 96% effective in tests on around 270 men who were using it, with four pregnancies among their partners.However, a relatively high number developed side effects, including acne and mood disorders.Researchers have been investigating potential for male hormonal contraceptives for around 20 years.They have all been looking for an effective way of suppressing sperm production without causing unpleasant or unbearable side effects.Because men constantly produce sperm, high levels of hormones are needed to reduce levels from the normal sperm count of over 15 million per millilitre to under one million/ml.Mood disordersThis study was published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, and published by the Endocrine Society.It looked at men aged 18-45 who had been in monogamous relationships for at least a year - and whose partners had agreed to take part.The men's sperm counts were checked at the beginning of the study, to ensure they were normal.They then had two hormone injections (progesterone and a form of testosterone) every eight weeks, and were monitored for up to six months until their sperm count fell to under a million.They were then asked to rely on the jab, which they continued to have at the same interval, as their only form of contraception during the efficacy stage of the study, which lasted for up to a year,Once they stopped having the injections, they were monitored to see how quickly their sperm counts recovered.Eight men had not recovered their normal sperm counts a year after the study ended.Dr Mario Festin, of the World Health Organization (WHO) in Geneva, who carried out the study, said: "The study found it is possible to have a hormonal contraceptive for men that reduces the risk of unplanned pregnancies in the partners of men who use it."The researchers stopped taking on new participants in 2011 after concerns were raised about side effects such as depression and other mood disorders, as well as muscle pain and acne.Such side effects caused 20 men to drop out of the study and were reported by many others,Unmet needDr Festin said other researchers were now looking at combining different levels of the same hormones, and different ways of delivering them, such as gels.He added: "This has been one step in a long journey of finding the right combination for male hormonal contraception."Allan Pacey, professor of andrology at the University of Sheffield, said: "There is certainly an unmet need for an effective reversible contraceptive for men, along the lines of the hormonal contraceptive for women."However, none of the preparations that have been developed and tested to date have managed to become a commercial reality for one reason or another."He said the contraceptive in this study was "extremely effective and therefore certainly has promise" and that the number of side effects seen was a concern.ولكنه أضاف: "جدير بالذكر أن 75 في المائة من الرجال الذين شاركوا في التجربة ستكون مستعدة لاستخدام هذه الطريقة لمنع الحمل مرة أخرى."لذا ربما الآثار الجانبية لم تكن كلها سيئة بعد كل شيء.

Results (Arabic) 2:

وقد أظهرت حقن هرمون أن يكون وسيلة آمنة وفعالة لمنع الحمل - للرجال

. ويقول باحثون أمريكيون أن ضربة بالكوع فعالة تقريبا 96٪ في اختبارات على حوالي 270 من الرجال الذين كانوا يستخدمونه، مع أربع حالات الحمل بين شركائها

ومع ذلك، نسبيا عدد كبير ضعت الآثار الجانبية، بما في ذلك حب الشباب واضطرابات المزاج.

ويجري الباحثون تحقق إمكانية وسائل منع الحمل الهرمونية الذكور لنحو 20 عاما.

لقد كانت جميعها تبحث عن وسيلة فعالة لمنع إنتاج الحيوانات المنوية دون التسبب في آثار جانبية غير سارة أو لا تطاق.

لأن الرجال تنتج باستمرار الحيوانات المنوية، وهناك حاجة إلى مستويات عالية من الهرمونات للحد من مستويات من عدد الحيوانات المنوية الطبيعي لأكثر من 15 مليون في الملليمتر الواحد إلى أقل من مليون / مل.
اضطرابات المزاج

وقد نشرت هذه الدراسة في مجلة علم الغدد الصماء والتمثيل الغذائي، وتنشر من قبل جمعية الغدد الصماء.

بدا الأمر في الرجال الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 18-45 الذين كانوا في العلاقات بزوجة واحدة لمدة سنة على الأقل - والتي وافقت على المشاركة شركاء

تم فحص عدد الحيوانات المنوية للرجال في بداية الدراسة، للتأكد من أنها كانت طبيعية .

ثم كان الاثنان حقن هرمون (البروجسترون وشكلا من أشكال هرمون تستوستيرون) كل ثمانية أسابيع، ورصدت لمدة تصل إلى ستة أشهر حتى تراجع عدد الحيوانات المنوية لأقل من مليون.

وبعد ذلك طلب منهم أن تعتمد على ضربة بالكوع، الذي استمروا أن يكون في نفس فترة، والشكل الوحيد من وسائل منع الحمل خلال مرحلة فعالية الدراسة، التي استمرت لمدة تصل إلى سنة،

وبمجرد أن توقفت بعد الحقن، قد تم رصدها لمعرفة مدى سرعة تعافى عدد الحيوانات المنوية الخاصة بهم.

ثمانية رجال . لم تسترد حيواناتهم المنوية طبيعية التهم بعد عام من انتهاء الدراسة

الدكتور ماريو Festin، من منظمة الصحة العالمية (WHO) في جنيف، الذي نفذ هذه الدراسة، قال: "ووجدت الدراسة أنه من الممكن أن يكون لها وسائل منع الحمل الهرمونية ل الرجال يقلل من خطر حالات الحمل غير المخطط لها في شركاء من الرجال الذين يستخدمونه. "

توقف الباحثون أخذ على المشاركين الجدد في عام 2011 بعد أن أثار مخاوف بشأن الآثار الجانبية مثل الاكتئاب واضطرابات المزاج الأخرى، وكذلك آلام في العضلات وظهور حب الشباب.

تسببت هذه الآثار الجانبية 20 رجلا إلى الانقطاع عن الدراسة، وورد من قبل العديد من الآخرين
الاحتياجات غير الملباة

وقال الدكتور Festin باحثين آخرين كانوا يبحثون الآن في الجمع بين مختلف مستويات الهرمونات نفسها، والطرق المختلفة لتسليمها، مثل المواد الهلامية.

و وأضاف: "لقد كان هذا خطوة واحدة في رحلة طويلة من العثور على الحق في الجمع بين وسائل منع الحمل الهرمونية الذكور"

، وقال آلان بيسي، أستاذ أمراض الذكورة بجامعة شيفيلد: "من المؤكد أن هناك حاجة غير الملباة لمنع الحمل عكسها فعال ل الرجال، على غرار وسائل منع الحمل الهرمونية للنساء.

"ومع ذلك، فإن أيا من المستحضرات التي تم تطويرها واختبارها حتى الآن تمكنت من أن تصبح حقيقة تجارية لسبب أو لآخر."

وقال ان وسائل منع الحمل في هذه الدراسة كان " فعالة للغاية وبالتالي فإنه بالتأكيد الوعد "، وأن عدد من الآثار الجانبية ينظر كان مصدرا للقلق.

ولكنه أضاف:" ومن الجدير بالذكر أن 75٪ من الرجال الذين شاركوا في المحاكمة سوف تكون على استعداد لاستخدام هذه الطريقة لمنع الحمل مرة أخرى .

"لذلك ربما كانت الآثار الجانبية ليس كل ما سيئة بعد كل شيء.