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We explore wireless networking,middleware, and data management technologies for realizing thisapplication, and describe challenges arising from ad hocdistributed structure, unreliable sensing, large scale/density, andnovel sensor data types that are characteristic of such deeplyinstrumented environments with inter-networked physical objects.1. INTRODUCTIONThe focus and application of wireless information technology sofar has largely been on using low power, portable computers,enhanced with multimedia I/O peripherals, for richer “person tocomputer” and “person to person” interactions. However, theinteraction of users with computers and peripherals is quitedifferent from their interaction with objects in physicalenvironments. This requires that users and their applications adaptto information technology, rather than the other way round,thereby limiting the application of information technology inmany cases (e.g. children, people with disabilities). However, therelentless march of microelectronics technology is coming to therescue in the form of (a) cheaper and tinier processors andmemories, (b) cheaper and tinier communication systems, and (c)cheaper and tinier MEMS sensors and actuators. Indeed, in a nottoo distant future, a single chip would integrate processor,memory, radio, and sensors, all in a die of few square millimeters,costing a few dollars, and consuming a few milliwatts (e.g.SmartDust project at Berkeley [1]). Such technology would allowprocessing, communication, sensing, and perhaps even actuationcapabilities to be unobtrusively embedded in familiar physicalobjects that the users interact within their environments, and leadto systems where these familiar physical objects are tetherlessperipherals with capabilities of reacting to external stimuli, andwirelessly communicating with each other and with backgroundservers. In the not too distant future, such technology will bringinteraction and intelligence to commonplace inanimate objects inour environment.The emerging ability of computing infrastructures to sense and acton the physical environment suggests a future where the primaryrole of wireless technology would become one of enhancing“person to physical world” interaction, rather than theconventional “person to computer” and “person to person”communication. Smart environments instrumented with sensorand-wireless-enhanced objects would be able to sense events andconditions about people and objects in the environment, and actupon the sensed information or use it as context when respondingto queries and commands.An interesting application of such deeply instrumented physicalenvironments with inter-networked physical objects that we areexploring is a Smart Kindergarten. Children learn by exploringPe rmission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work orالاستخدام الشخصي أو الفصول الدراسية تمنح دون مقابل شريطة أن يتم نسخلا تقدم أو توزيع للربح أو الفائدة التجارية وتلك النسختحمل هذا الإشعار والاقتباس الكامل على الصفحة الأولى.
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