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Bhutan has a democratic government elected by the people, and a King who unites the country on a common purpose. For the electorate that elects the government executives, His Majesty the King is as indispensible for the continued survival of the nation-state.Despite the huge popularity of the Wangchuck kings who had benignly ruled the country from 1907, the fourth King told his people that a country is always more important than a king, and that people must govern themselves. The best form of government, as the country progressed into the 21st century, according to the kings of Bhutan, is one that has the blessings of its people.Therefore, in 2008, Bhutan completed its transition from Monarchy to Democratic Constitutional Monarchy with the election of Bhutan’s first democratically elected government. His Majesty the fifth King oversaw the momentous transition. This marked the completion of the gradual process of decentralization and democratization initiated by His Majesty the fourth King.Bhutan’s Parliament is bi-cameral. The National Council (Upper House) has 25 Members – 20 directly elected from the 20 districts of the country and 5 eminent persons nominated by the His Majesty the King. The National Assembly (Lower House) has 47 Members directly elected from 47 constituencies. His Majesty the King also occasionally attends the Parliament.Elections to the National Council were held on 31 December 2007 and 29 January 2008. Elections to the National Assembly were held on 24 March 2008. The Druk Phuensum Tshogpa, headed by Prime Minister Lyonchen Jigmi Y. Thinley, won 45 of the 47 seats of the National Assembly while the People’s Democratic Party, headed by a former minister Sangay Ngedup, won 2 seats and is the Opposition Party in the current Parliament.While His Majesty the King is Head of State, the Lhengye Zhungtshog or the Council of Ministers exercises executive power. Judicial power is vested in the courts of Bhutan. The Chief Justice is the administrative head of the Judiciary.Bhutan is now headed to the second parliamentary election. The current government will dissolve in April, after which an interim government, headed by the Chief Justice, will take over until the new government is elected and sworn in.The Election Commission has already registered two new political parties, taking the total number of parties to four. One more has applied for registration. This means Bhutan will hold the primary round for the first time.
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