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In the United States, VZV vaccine was licensed in 1995 and decreased the incidence of varicella by 85-90% in the decade following licensure as result of a vaccine coverage rate of about 80% [49]. Even though varicella incidence decreased most significantly in children aged 1-4 years, the incidence also declined nearly 75% among adults despite of low vaccination rates [50]. These data suggest that the universal childhood immunization, introduced also in Germany as the only country in Euro-pe during 2004, has the potential to reduce the occurren-ce of varicella in pregnant women through herd immun-ity. However, recent publications demonstrate that varic-ella during pregnancy is still a problem in many countries
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