Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) has a long history and is part of the technological revolution both current and past. RFID enables quick payment of tolls and quick identification of items. In addition, RFID provides benefits, such as tracking assets, monitoring conditions for safety, and helping to prevent counterfeiting. RFID plays an integral part in the technological revolution along with the Internet and mobile devices, which are connecting the world together All RFID systems, contain three basic components. The first is the RFID tag that is attached to an asset or item. The tag contains information about that asset or item and also may incorporate sensors. The second component is the RFID interrogator, which communicates with (also called interrogating) the RFID tags. The third component is the backend system, which links the RFID interrogators to a centralized database. The centralized database contains additional information, such as price, for each RFID tagged item.
RFID technologies can be classified into three categories: passive RFID, active RFID,and semi passive RFID. Based on the radio frequency used, the passive RFID technologies are usually categorized into low frequency (LF) RFID, high frequency (HF) RFID, ultra high frequency (UHF) RFID, and microwave RFID.