Constructivists believe that meaningful learning or “purposeful knowle translation - Constructivists believe that meaningful learning or “purposeful knowle Indonesian how to say

Constructivists believe that meanin

Constructivists believe that meaningful learning or “purposeful knowledge” may be promote
by a learning environment that has three main features. First, one should use authentic problems, tha
is, tasks having the contextual feel of the real world. Secondly, the learning environment should
represent the natural complexity of the real world and avoid oversimplification of the task and
instruction. And thirdly, a constructivist learning environment should support collaborative
knowledge construction through social negotiation (Jonassen, 1991). It is believed that such learning
environments invite learners through interaction with others to engage in problem finding, problem
solving and inquiry learning. Through the combination of complex, real-world problems and
meaningful social interaction among learners and teacher, constructivists assert that learners are
encouraged to discover or invent new rules or revise old rules and in the process come to a deeper
understanding of underlying concepts and principles. The discovery process embedded in a
constructivist learning environment also allows learners to reevaluate what they know, and to change
their understanding based on what they have directly learned from their environment. Constructivist
argue that the open-ended, problem-based, inquiry learning characteristics of constructivist learning
environments require learners to struggle with the ill-structured, real-world problems in order to solv
them.
One of the fundamental underlying principles of constructivism is the concept of
“sociocognitive conflict.” This mechanism for learning, derived from the work of Piaget and his
disciples, proposes that cognitive conflicts lead to higher levels of reasoning and learning (Webb &
Palinscar, 1996). Cognitive conflict arises through the dynamics of social exchange when the learner
realizes that there is a contradiction between his/her existing understanding and what he/she is
experiencing. Constructivists claim that it is reasonable to believe that the best environment for
creating such conflict is an environment in which problems are posed, questions are raised and
alternative perspectives are presented. Problem-based environments also promote peer collaboration
and exchange of ideas, which are the major sources of cognitive conflict (Piaget, 1976). Evidence


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Constructivists believe that meaningful learning or “purposeful knowledge” may be promoteby a learning environment that has three main features. First, one should use authentic problems, thais, tasks having the contextual feel of the real world. Secondly, the learning environment should represent the natural complexity of the real world and avoid oversimplification of the task and instruction. And thirdly, a constructivist learning environment should support collaborative knowledge construction through social negotiation (Jonassen, 1991). It is believed that such learningenvironments invite learners through interaction with others to engage in problem finding, problem solving and inquiry learning. Through the combination of complex, real-world problems and meaningful social interaction among learners and teacher, constructivists assert that learners are encouraged to discover or invent new rules or revise old rules and in the process come to a deeper understanding of underlying concepts and principles. The discovery process embedded in a constructivist learning environment also allows learners to reevaluate what they know, and to changetheir understanding based on what they have directly learned from their environment. Constructivistargue that the open-ended, problem-based, inquiry learning characteristics of constructivist learning environments require learners to struggle with the ill-structured, real-world problems in order to solvthem. One of the fundamental underlying principles of constructivism is the concept of “sociocognitive conflict.” This mechanism for learning, derived from the work of Piaget and his disciples, proposes that cognitive conflicts lead to higher levels of reasoning and learning (Webb & Palinscar, 1996). Cognitive conflict arises through the dynamics of social exchange when the learnerrealizes that there is a contradiction between his/her existing understanding and what he/she is experiencing. Constructivists claim that it is reasonable to believe that the best environment for creating such conflict is an environment in which problems are posed, questions are raised and alternative perspectives are presented. Problem-based environments also promote peer collaborationand exchange of ideas, which are the major sources of cognitive conflict (Piaget, 1976). Evidence
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Konstruktivis percaya bahwa pembelajaran bermakna atau "pengetahuan tujuan" dapat mempromosikan
oleh lingkungan belajar yang memiliki tiga fitur utama. Pertama, orang harus menggunakan masalah otentik, tha
adalah, tugas memiliki nuansa kontekstual dari dunia nyata. Kedua, lingkungan belajar harus
mewakili kompleksitas alam dunia nyata dan menghindari penyederhanaan dari tugas dan
instruksi. Dan ketiga, lingkungan belajar konstruktivis harus mendukung kolaboratif
konstruksi pengetahuan melalui negosiasi sosial (Jonassen, 1991). Hal ini diyakini bahwa pembelajaran seperti
lingkungan mengundang peserta didik melalui interaksi dengan orang lain untuk terlibat dalam masalah menemukan, masalah
pemecahan dan pembelajaran inquiry. Melalui kombinasi kompleks, masalah di dunia nyata dan
interaksi sosial yang bermakna antara peserta didik dan guru, konstruktivis menegaskan bahwa peserta didik
didorong untuk menemukan atau menciptakan aturan baru atau merevisi aturan lama dan dalam proses datang ke lebih
memahami konsep-konsep yang mendasari dan prinsip-prinsip. Proses penemuan tertanam dalam
lingkungan belajar konstruktivis juga memungkinkan peserta didik untuk mengevaluasi kembali apa yang mereka ketahui, dan untuk mengubah
pemahaman mereka berdasarkan apa yang mereka telah secara langsung belajar dari lingkungan mereka. Konstruktivis
berpendapat bahwa terbuka, berbasis masalah, karakteristik pembelajaran inquiry pembelajaran konstruktivis
lingkungan memerlukan pelajar berjuang dengan sakit-terstruktur, masalah di dunia nyata untuk solv
mereka.
Salah satu prinsip yang mendasari dasar konstruktivisme adalah konsep dari
"konflik sociocognitive." Mekanisme ini untuk belajar, berasal dari karya Piaget dan nya
murid, mengusulkan bahwa konflik kognitif menyebabkan tingkat yang lebih tinggi dari penalaran dan pembelajaran (Webb &
Palinscar, 1996). Konflik kognitif muncul melalui dinamika pertukaran sosial ketika pelajar
menyadari bahwa ada kontradiksi antara / nya pemahaman yang ada dan apa yang dia / dia
mengalami. Konstruktivis mengklaim bahwa itu adalah masuk akal untuk percaya bahwa lingkungan terbaik untuk
menciptakan konflik tersebut merupakan lingkungan di mana masalah yang diajukan, pertanyaan dibangkitkan dan
perspektif alternatif disajikan. Lingkungan berbasis masalah juga mempromosikan kolaborasi sebaya
dan pertukaran ide, yang merupakan sumber utama konflik kognitif (Piaget, 1976). Bukti


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