The overt mathematical aims of this position concern the acquisition of functional numeracy, but the aims extend beyond this to social control and the reproduction of the social hierarchy . In support , the means of teaching are such as to discourage critical thinking and originality, and to foster obedience and docility. For the masses, the aim is to prepare children for their future place at the lower levels of society. For the minority in selective education, to which entry is negotiated through ‘ability’ wealth or class, the aim is higher qualification , to serve the needs of industry, trade, commerce and the professions at the upper levels