RCDI is a therapeutic challenge because there is no uniformly effectiv translation - RCDI is a therapeutic challenge because there is no uniformly effectiv Indonesian how to say

RCDI is a therapeutic challenge bec

RCDI is a therapeutic challenge because there is no uniformly effective therapy. After treatment of an initial episode of C. difficile , the chance of RCDI within 8 weeks is 10 – 20 % , but when a patient has had one recurrence, rates of further recurrences increase to 40 – 65 % ( 80 ). Recurrence can be due to the same strain or to a diff erent strain ( 81 ). Recurrences may be due to an impaired immune response and / or alteration of the colonic microbiota. Evidence for an impaired immune response comes from small studies. In one study of hospitalized patients with CDI, those who developed RCDI had lower levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody to toxin A ( 82 ). In another, three patients who were given a vaccine to clear C. diffi cile developed an IgG response to toxin A ( 83 ).
Evidence that an altered colonic microbiota is the main factor in the pathophysiology of RCDI is growing. A study of the colonic microbiota in normal controls, individuals with one episode of
CDI and patients with RCDI, showed that those with RCDI had a marked decrease in the diversity of the fl ora compared with the other two groups ( 84 ). Moreover, therapy that puts healthy donor stool into the stomach, small intestine, or colon of patients with RCDI (fecal microbiota transplant (FMT)) has the highest rate of success ( ≥ 90 % ) compared with results of other therapies ( 85 ).
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RCDI adalah sebuah tantangan terapi karena tidak ada terapi seragam efektif. Setelah pengobatan awal episode C. difficile, kemungkinan RCDI dalam waktu 8 minggu 10-20%, tetapi ketika pasien telah memiliki satu kambuh, tingkat kekambuhan lebih lanjut meningkatkan 40 – 65% (80). Kekambuhan dapat karena strain sama atau regangan erent diff (81). Kekambuhan mungkin karena respon imun yang terganggu dan / atau perubahan mikrobiota kolon. Bukti untuk respon imun yang terganggu berasal dari penelitian kecil. Dalam satu studi pasien yang dirawat dengan CDI, orang-orang yang mengembangkan RCDI memiliki tingkat yang lebih rendah antibodi antibodi G (IgG) untuk Botulinum A (82). Lain, tiga pasien yang telah diberi vaksin untuk menghapus cile C. sulit dikembangkan IgG menanggapi Botulinum A (83).Bukti bahwa mikrobiota kolon berubah adalah faktor utama dalam patofisiologi RCDI tumbuh. Sebuah studi kolon mikrobiota di kontrol normal, individu dengan satu episodeCDI dan pasien dengan RCDI, menunjukkan bahwa orang-orang dengan RCDI memiliki penurunan keanekaragaman ora fl dibandingkan dengan dua kelompok yang lain (84). Selain itu, terapi yang menempatkan bangku sehat donor ke dalam perut, usus kecil, atau usus besar pasien dengan RCDI (tinja mikrobiota transplantasi (FMT)) memiliki tingkat tertinggi keberhasilan (≥ 90%) dibandingkan dengan hasil terapi lain (85).
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