Exploiting scale economies by sourcing from a reduced set of global suppliers
and concentrating the production of offerings in relatively few locations
where competitive advantage can be maximized
• Organizing production, marketing, and other value-chain activities on a
global scale
• Optimizing local responsiveness and flexibility
• Facilitating global learning and knowledge transfer
• Coordinating competitive moves— that is, how the firm deals with its competitors,
on a global, integrated basis