Effects of supplementation of diets with freeze-dried Chaetoceros calcitrans to controlVibrio harveyi infection are evaluated through immune responses, and disease resistance of juvenile Penaeus monodon. Total lipid and fatty acid profile of Chaetoceros calcitrans is also analyzed. A challenge infection with 107cfu/mL concentration of Vibrio harveyi is intramuscularly injected to juvenile Penaeus monodon after 45 days of feeding of diets supplemented with 15 g/kg and 30 g/kg driedChaetoceros calcitrans. The use of driedChaetoceros calcitrans is compared with that of ß-1,3 glucan Curdlan, a commercial immune enhancer. Incorporation of 30 g/kgChaetoceros calcitrans in the diet enhances the immune system of shrimp as effected by high prophenoloxidase activity and plasma protein concentration and is better compared to the commercially available Curdlan.Chaetoceros calcitrans also contains polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as linolenic acid and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) which are responsible for its antibacterial action against Vibrio harveyi. All these biological activities of Chaetoceros calcitransadd up to increase resistance of the juvenilePenaeus monodon to vibriosis as shown by its high survival rate from the challenge infection with Vibrio harveyi. Therefore, it is worthwhile to use Chaetoceros calcitrans as supplementary feed. Its effect in increasing the immune competence coupled with its antibacterial action, make the shrimp resistant to luminous vibriosis that continues to affect the industry, thereby augmenting aquaculture production