For 8i, note that the vector would point upwards so the angle would be π/2. Also, obviously, the length of this vector would be 8 units so in polar form, this is written as:
8 cis (π/2)
For 1 + 3i, draw the vector first on an argand diagram. From there, join the end of the vector to the real axis using a vertical line. You'll get a right-angled triangle. Name the angle θ, the included angle betweem the real and imaginary axis:
You'll get the base is 1 unit and the height is 3 units. Using Pythagoras, find the hypotenuse which, which will be 2 units. Now, to get θ, use simple trig. I'm going to use cos: