Hofstede believed that while national cultures are based on deeply held values, organizational cultures are
more concerned with practices. He believed it is generally easier to manage practices than values
(geerthofstede.com). Organizational cultures are influenced by their industries, the personalities of their
founders and leaders, and the types of employees that they hire. Organizational cultures define expectations
for such things as how people dress (casual or formal), how they perceive and value employees
(recognition), or how they make decisions (as a group or by the manager alone) (Carpenter and Dunung,
2012).