1. IntroductionThe Multi-Depot Vehi

1. Introduction
The Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem with Backhauls (MDVRPB) is an operational problem of the
supply chain management. The MDVRPB considers a supply chain involving two echelons: depots and
customers. The MDVRPB is an NP-hard problem, since it is a generalization of the two well-known NPhard problems: the Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem (MDVRP) (for further details see Escobar et
al. 2014a) and the Vehicle Routing Problem with Backhauls (VRPB). The MDVRPB has many realistic
applications in Transportation and Logistics. The features of the customers, depots and vehicles, as well
as different operating constraints on the performed routes, leads to different variants of MDVRPB: (i)
simultaneous collecting and dispatching of products; (ii) collecting first, following the delivery of
products; and (iii) collecting after of the delivering process. We have considered a specific version for
which the collection of products must be performed after the backhaul customers have been served.

Results (Indonesian) 2:

1. Pendahuluan
Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem dengan Backhauls (MDVRPB) merupakan masalah operasional dari
manajemen rantai pasokan. The MDVRPB menganggap rantai pasokan yang melibatkan dua eselon: depot dan
pelanggan. The MDVRPB adalah masalah NP-keras, karena merupakan generalisasi dari dua masalah NPhard terkenal: Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem (MDVRP) (untuk rincian lebih lanjut lihat Escobar et
al 2014a.) Dan Masalah Vehicle Routing dengan Backhauls (VRPB). The MDVRPB memiliki banyak realistis
aplikasi dalam Transportasi dan Logistik. Fitur dari pelanggan, depot dan kendaraan, serta
kendala operasi yang berbeda pada rute yang dilakukan, menyebabkan berbagai varian MDVRPB: (i)
pengumpulan simultan dan pengiriman produk; (ii) mengumpulkan pertama, setelah pengiriman
produk; dan (iii) mengumpulkan setelah proses pengiriman. Kami telah dianggap sebagai versi khusus untuk
yang koleksi produk harus dilakukan setelah pelanggan backhaul telah dilayani.