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Thai) 1:
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Facilitators to nurses’ involvement in policy development: ‘. . .we give them the feedback . . .’Bottom-up approachNurses suggested that they be consulted on issues related to theirworkplace to ensure participation in the policy developmentprocess. Frontline nurses and managers participated in the policymakingprocess when they were consulted: ‘Persons wereinvited to a workshop. . . . We sat in groups and suggested whatwe think ought to be in this policy and then we worked fromthere’ (JI#1).A nurse from Kenya suggested a ‘bottom up approach wherebythose who are developing the policies came down on the ground[to meet with those] who are providing the services [to] look atthe gaps – the challenges we are having’ (KI#14). Mechanisms toensure that nurses’ feedback reached the policy decision-makersat the national level were recommended: ‘. . . we are the practicingnurses and we know what we go through so in these meetingswe give them the feedback and the feedback is taken up to thepeople at the national level who are laying down the guidelinesfor any amendments’ (UI#1). National policies were importantbut frontline nurses needed to ‘give it a local flavor’ to fit theircontext. Policies were usually filtered down to the organizationallevel through national and international guidelines. They mentionedthat local workplace policies are guided by and built onthe national policies. A Jamaican nurse said: ‘. . . we’re using thenational policy as a guide and you modify it to suit the region’(JI#1).Management support: ‘They cascade the information down’Participants recommended a strategic plan and managementsystem to ensure that the policies were in place and followed.Participants agreed that managers played an important roleto ensure that policies were appropriately implemented andsupervised. Leadership and guidance from nursing managementhelped within the implementation process and to keep staffinformed. They also ensured that policies were monitored andrevised if needed. A South African nurse manager believedthat: ‘. . . they [frontline staff] are not actively involved in policymaking but they are informed, trained and they [nurse managers]cascade the information down and see that the policies areimplemented. Our major role is monitoring if the policy is wellimplemented, if there are any obstacles regarding the policywhich needs to be revised . . .’ (SA#4).Human resource support: ‘. . . we have to be giving risk allowance . . .’Participating nurses mentioned that policies that provided moralsupport for HIV-positive nurses who fear job instability wereessential. It would contribute to and assist with creating a positiveworkforce. Nurses requested some leniency in their duties: ‘Iwant to believe that if such a policy could be there then thereshould be no discrimination for those [nurses] who are HIVpositive so that there should be some consideration for them’(KI#14). Compensation in the form of incentives was mentionedas a form of motivation to care for AIDS patients. Incentivesshould include risk allowance and other forms of compensation(allocated sick days) during the period of post-exposure prophylaxisuse: ‘some allowance during the period that you are takingPEP because even the side effects are not so pleasant so youmight absent yourself from duty’ (KI#1).
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