since SB can be modified through intervention (Benight & Bandura, 2004). However,
the previous studies have some notable limitations.
First, the studies have used cross-sectional data or the data on the SB were collected after the traumatic event. It is necessary to evaluate the SB before the traumatic event because stressful situations change SB (Bandura, 1977; Maddux, 1995).
This kind of limitation is common because natural disasters are unexpected events, which prevent data collection before their occurrence (Masten & Osofsky, 2010).