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Apart from using antibodies, short DNA sequences called aptamershave been used as highly specific bioreceptors for high profi-ciency detection of a wide range of analytes including bacteria.Zelada-Guillén et al. (2009) used aptamer-functionalized CNTsfor selective detection of Salmonella Typhi from a complex mixture.SWNTs were carboxylated via acid treatment and sprayed onto a3 mm diameter glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to achieve a30 lm-thick SWNT network. The aptamer was modified with afive-carbon spacer and an amine group (–(CH2)5NH2) at the 30end and was covalently bound to the carboxylic groups on thesidewalls of SWNTs using carbodiimide chemistry. Upon introductionof the target bacteria, a conformational change in the aptameris induced due to separation of the phosphate groups from theSWNT surface. This changes the charge density near the electrodesurface and a subsequent change in potential is recorded betweenthe SWNT–aptamer modified GCE (working electrode) and Ag/AgClelectrode (reference). The potentiometric response of the biosensorwas measured for bacteria concentrations varying from 0.2 cfu/ml(1 CFU in 5 ml PB) to 106 cfu/mL. As shown in Fig. 8, upon increasingconcentration of bacteria, the potential difference increased butthe magnitude of signal decreased, possibly due to the saturationof binding sites. The average response was reported to be1.87 mV per log of bacteria concentration. The specificity of theเซนเซอร์ถูกแสดง โดยทดสอบกับเชื้อแบคทีเรียไม่ใช่เป้าหมาย(Escherichia coli และบ้านแลคโตบาซิลลัส) ในทำนองเดียวกัน ดังนั้น et al. (2008)รายงานการปรับหมู่ฟังก์ชั่น aptamer ใช้ SWNT FET สำหรับเลือกและตรวจพบ E. coli สำคัญ
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