Results (
Indonesian) 1:
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For the purpose of testing the generalizability of the LSQ scale, several procedureswere followed. An exploratory study was conducted consisting of seven interviewswith logistics managers of TPL customer firms and two with logistics managersof a leading TPL company. A mixture of experts reviewed the researchinstrument to ensure the content validity. They consisted of 4 academics, a logisticsconsultant and a TPL customer, who had twelve years’ experience in his currentposition. The instrument was then pre-tested using a random sample of 50firms. Six (6) usable questionnaires were obtained. The findings from the qualitativefieldwork and the pilot test of this study suggested several changes. First, inorder to improve the LSQ scale, two constructs (information quality and orderingprocedures) that were tapped with only two items needed to be expanded. Particularlywith the information quality construct, it was found that the concept was notapplicable because for the managers of a TPL customer firm, there was no catalogueinformation. Mentzer et al. (1999) argued that the information that is containedin the service provider’s catalogue should be available and of adequatequality in order to make decisions. The results from the exploratory study reflectedthat the logistics practice heavily involves inter-organizational informationsystems such as the Internet and Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) in exchanginginformation due to the complexity of logistics operations and interorganizationalrelationships. Thus, the quality of information should be evaluated in a more rigorousmanner. The information quality measures, developed by Mohr & Spekman(1994) were found to be appropriate in this study and were therefore adopted (seeTable 2).The second two-item construct was ordering procedures. In Mentzer et al.’s(1999) study, ordering procedures refer to the efficiency and effectiveness of theorder placement procedures. In a cross-sectoral context, the situation is morecomplex and ordering procedures measures used by Mentzer et al. (1999) do notfully reflect the ordering procedures in certain industries. Instead, measures suchas effectiveness, ease, simplicity, flexibility of the ordering procedures as well astime and effort taken are deemed to be important (Dabholkar, 1994). Thus, a widerconcept of ordering procedures was used in this study (see Table 2).Besides the modification of these two-item scales, the results from the exploratoryand pilot study found that an exact application of the scale would generate somecomplications in the responses and analysis of the results due to the specific typeof measures that were developed within the DLA organization. The LSQ scalewas also confined specifically to inbound logistics. It was expected that the complexprocedures of the logistics operations among industries and the specific typeof services used by customers would also contribute to the problems.
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