5. from dumb access device to information appliance - this shift reflects the fact that one-way, 'dumb' access devices (like television) are becoming interactive, and thus more useful as 'information appliances'
6. from separate data, text, voice and image to multimedia - rather than have separate software programs and files for each information format, the emerging technology will enable multimedia communications and interactions to take place as a matter of routine
7. from proprietary to open systems - increasingly, systems and software will be compatible with one another, rather than having only one version of a program that is proprietary to one kind of machine