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The arguments about auditor liability have run for decades. But every time a solution has been found, it has been denied to the auditing profession.
Now, the latest attempt to allow UK audit firms to achieve proportional limitation of their liability is in the hands of a US regulator. The Securities & Exchange Commission – which has jurisdiction over UK companies that are listed in the US or have raised money in US markets – objects that the proposed deal may not be in investors’ interests.
But first, some history. In the past, if a UK business went under it was open season on the auditors.
It seemed that no one else would be sued, no matter how culpable. The auditors were often seen as having the deepest of pockets, so they could recoup corporate disasters – and, consequently, they were the ones who ended up in court.
If a company ran into trouble as the result of negligence or fraud, the auditors alone paid up.
“It is dishonest,” says Peter Wyman, global leader for public policy and regulation at PwC, “and it is not sustainable. People do not have unlimited recourse.”
Jan Babiak, regulatory and public policy managing partner with Ernst & Young UK, agrees. “Joint and several liability was desperately unfair,” she says.
However, legal reform proceeds slowly and with many a setback.
The first step was to allow firms to become limited liability partnerships, which is the US model. That took years to come about.
The next step was to allow them to cap their liability. The government issued a consultation document. The institutional investor community persuaded it that this was not in consumers’ interest. The proposal was thrown out.
The profession was left with one option. This was to limit firms’ liability to their proportion of blame in any future case of negligence, on a contractual basis, and company by company.
“It was not satisfactory,” says Mr Wyman, “but you have to go with the art of the possible. The investment community was happy to go with it, so the government supported it.” As a result, proposals were incorporated into the most recent Companies Act. “No one came up with any objections at the time,” says Mr Wyman. “None were raised until after the Act was passed.”
It had become apparent that implementation would not be automatic across all companies. Each would have to adopt a proposal to limit the liability of their auditors to a vote at the next annual general meeting.
Directors started to have misgivings about shareholder disquiet at being denied the chance of benefiting from the auditors’ deep pockets in the event of corporate failure.
The reform process once more ground to a complete halt.
“There was a big legal debate over whether directors would be acting in the interests of shareholders if they proposed a limitation resolution,” says Richard Bennison, head of UK audit at KPMG. As a result, the profession’s main body, the Institute of Chartered Accountants of England & Wales (ICAEW), stepped in to obtain a legal opinion.
Then it became obvious that boards of directors were reluctant to become the first to put forward a resolution. So, to make it easier to stiffen directors’ resolve, the Financial Reporting Council, (FRC), published guidance in June along with recommended wording to be used.
This seems to have solved the problem. “We are fortunate we now have the guidance from the FRC,” says Ms Babiak. “If the market adopts that, it will make it easier for everyone.”
Michael Izza, chief executive of the ICAEW, says: “The big question if I were a [company] director or a member of an audit committee is, why should I need to do this?”
“The only salient fact is the stability of the market. Companies need calm and confidence in the market and the audit is part of that. Anything that would destabilise that process is bad news for the markets.” Now is the time for the dialogue between auditors and their clients to start.
“The next six to nine months are going to be crucial,” says Mr Bennison. “We are starting to engage with clients wanting to put resolutions to annual general meetings next spring for the 2009 audit season for companies with December 2009 year-end accounts.”
It was at this point that the SEC came on the scene. The main US regulatory authority, conscious of its jurisdiction over certain UK companies, pricked up its ears, seeing the possibility of conspiracies between auditors and directors.
It rightly objects that this would not be in investors’ interests.
“The SEC fears a cosy deal between directors and auditors,” says Mr Wyman. “But in UK legislation it is an agreement between auditors and shareholders. It is not a cosy deal at all. It is totally transparent.”
It has not been an easy time. “We have known that the SEC has been very unhappy with this for a very long time”, says Ms Babiak. “And we have been talking to the government about this for a long time.
“It should be a government-to-government conversation. If we all universally apply the guidance it is a group negotiation. It is not client-by-client at all”.
The SEC decision is expected in early autumn. Everything is on hold once again.
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Báo chí toàn cầu chất lượng cao đòi hỏi đầu tư. Xin vui lòng chia sẻ bài này với người khác bằng cách sử dụng liên kết dưới đây, không cắt và dán bài viết. Xem Ts & Cs và chính sách bản quyền của chúng tôi để biết thêm chi tiết. Gửi email ftsales.support@ft.com để mua thêm quyền. http://www.ft.com/CMS/s/0/e77eb3b2-78a9-11dd-acc3-0000779fd18c.html#ixzz3pMC3N8BXLý luận về trách nhiệm pháp lý kiểm toán đã chạy trong nhiều thập niên. Nhưng mỗi khi một giải pháp đã được tìm thấy, nó đã bị từ chối với nghề nghiệp kiểm toán.Bây giờ, nỗ lực mới nhất để cho phép công ty kiểm toán UK để đạt được tỷ lệ giới hạn trách nhiệm của họ là trong tay của một điều Hoa Kỳ. Chứng khoán & Exchange Commission-có thẩm quyền trên UK công ty được liệt kê trong Hoa Kỳ hoặc đã tăng tiền ở Hoa Kỳ thị trường-đối tượng thỏa thuận được đề xuất có thể không trong lợi ích nhà đầu tư.Nhưng đầu tiên, một số lịch sử. Trong quá khứ, nếu một doanh nghiệp UK đã đi nó là mở mùa vào các kiểm toán viên.Nó có vẻ rằng không có ai khác sẽ bị kiện, không có vấn đề như thế nào điểm tin vắn. Các kiểm toán viên thường được xem là có sâu nhất của túi, do đó, họ có thể thu hồi doanh nghiệp tai-, và do đó, họ đã là những người đã kết thúc tại tòa án.Nếu một công ty chạy vào rắc rối như là kết quả của sự sơ suất hoặc gian lận, kiểm toán viên một mình trả tiền."Đó là không trung thực," ông Peter Wyman, các lãnh đạo toàn cầu để khu vực chính sách và quy định tại PwC, "và nó không phải là bền vững. Người không có không giới hạn tin tưởng."Jan Babiak, quy định và chính sách công việc quản lý các đối tác với Ernst & Young Vương Quốc Anh, đồng ý. "Phần và trách nhiệm pháp lý một số là tuyệt vọng không công bằng," cô nói.Tuy nhiên, các cải cách pháp lý tiền thu được từ từ và với nhiều một trở ngại.Bước đầu tiên là để cho phép công ty để trở thành trách nhiệm hữu hạn quan hệ đối tác, đó là mô hình của Mỹ. Mà mất năm để trở về.Bước tiếp theo là để cho phép họ để giới hạn trách nhiệm pháp lý của họ. Chính phủ đã ban hành một tài liệu tham khảo ý kiến. Cộng đồng nhà đầu tư thể chế, nó thuyết phục rằng điều này là không vì lợi ích của người tiêu dùng. Đề nghị được ném ra ngoài.Các ngành nghề đã được trái với một tùy chọn. Điều này là để giới hạn trách nhiệm pháp lý của công ty để của tỷ lệ của đổ lỗi trong bất kỳ trường hợp trong tương lai của sự sơ suất, trên cơ sở hợp đồng, và công ty của công ty."Nó đã không đạt yêu cầu," nói ông Wyman, "nhưng bạn cũng phải đi với nghệ thuật là có thể. Cộng đồng đầu tư là hạnh phúc để đi với nó, do đó, chính phủ ủng hộ nó." Do đó, đề nghị được tích hợp vào các hành động công ty đặt tại. "Không ai đến với phản đối bất kỳ lúc nào," nói ông Wyman. "Không có được nêu ra cho đến sau khi đạo luật được thông qua."Nó đã trở nên rõ ràng rằng việc thực hiện sẽ không được tự động trên tất cả các công ty. Mỗi sẽ phải áp dụng một đề nghị để giới hạn trách nhiệm pháp lý của kiểm toán viên để một cuộc bỏ phiếu tại cuộc họp hàng năm tiếp theo.Giám đốc bắt đầu có misgivings về cổ đông disquiet lúc bị từ chối cơ hội hưởng lợi từ túi sâu kiểm toán viên trong trường hợp doanh nghiệp thất bại.The reform process once more ground to a complete halt.“There was a big legal debate over whether directors would be acting in the interests of shareholders if they proposed a limitation resolution,” says Richard Bennison, head of UK audit at KPMG. As a result, the profession’s main body, the Institute of Chartered Accountants of England & Wales (ICAEW), stepped in to obtain a legal opinion.Then it became obvious that boards of directors were reluctant to become the first to put forward a resolution. So, to make it easier to stiffen directors’ resolve, the Financial Reporting Council, (FRC), published guidance in June along with recommended wording to be used.This seems to have solved the problem. “We are fortunate we now have the guidance from the FRC,” says Ms Babiak. “If the market adopts that, it will make it easier for everyone.”Michael Izza, chief executive of the ICAEW, says: “The big question if I were a [company] director or a member of an audit committee is, why should I need to do this?”“The only salient fact is the stability of the market. Companies need calm and confidence in the market and the audit is part of that. Anything that would destabilise that process is bad news for the markets.” Now is the time for the dialogue between auditors and their clients to start.“The next six to nine months are going to be crucial,” says Mr Bennison. “We are starting to engage with clients wanting to put resolutions to annual general meetings next spring for the 2009 audit season for companies with December 2009 year-end accounts.”It was at this point that the SEC came on the scene. The main US regulatory authority, conscious of its jurisdiction over certain UK companies, pricked up its ears, seeing the possibility of conspiracies between auditors and directors.It rightly objects that this would not be in investors’ interests.“The SEC fears a cosy deal between directors and auditors,” says Mr Wyman. “But in UK legislation it is an agreement between auditors and shareholders. It is not a cosy deal at all. It is totally transparent.”It has not been an easy time. “We have known that the SEC has been very unhappy with this for a very long time”, says Ms Babiak. “And we have been talking to the government about this for a long time.“It should be a government-to-government conversation. If we all universally apply the guidance it is a group negotiation. It is not client-by-client at all”.The SEC decision is expected in early autumn. Everything is on hold once again.
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