Three-layer complex carbide deposits showed the best
abrasive wear resistance of all the tested hardfacing alloys.
Nevertheless, when only one layer was deposited the high dilution
levels changed the microstructure and strongly reduced
the wear resistance.
W-rich hardfacing alloys showed a very good abrasive
wear resistance with only one layer, due to their unique combination
of tough M6C and hard, massive MC carbides in a
eutectic matrix.
M7C3 carbides played a crucial role in the abrasive wear
resistance of all the deposits studied, since they act as effective
barriers to cutting and ploughing by abrasive particles.The main mass removal mechanisms identified after examination
of the worn surfaces were micro-cutting, ploughing
and brittle fracture of carbides. Plastic deformation was
also significant, especially in eutectic microstructures.