For decades, UTIs in infants wereconsidered harbingers of underlyinganatomic and/or physiologicabnormalities, so RBUS and VCUGwere recommended to be performedroutinely. VUR was a particularconcern; CAP was assumed to beeffective in preventing UTI andbecame standard practice whenVUR was discovered. In the yearsleading up to the 2011 guideline,randomized controlled trials ofCAP were performed. Authorsof the 6 studies published in2006-2010 graciously provideddata to the guideline committee,permitting a meta-analysis of dataspecifically targeting febrile infants2 to 24 months of age. CAP was notdemonstrated to be effective, sothe need to identify VUR by routinevoiding cystourethrography wasdiscouraged. 1, 2 A recent large trialin the United States, the RIVUR trial,3Downloaded from