Food waste and food processing wastes which are abundant in nature and rich in carbon content can be
attractive renewable substrates for sustainable biohydrogen production due to wide economic prospects
in industries. Many studies utilizing common food wastes such as dining hall or restaurant waste and
wastes generated from food processing industries have shown good percentages of hydrogen in gas
composition, production yield and rate. The carbon composition in food waste also plays a crucial role
in determining high biohydrogen yield. Physicochemical factors such as pre-treatment to seed culture,
pH, temperature (mesophilic/thermophilic) and etc. are also important to ensure the dominance of
hydrogen-producing bacteria in dark fermentation. This review demonstrates the potential of food waste
and food processing waste for biohydrogen production and provides a brief overview of several physicochemical
factors that affect biohydrogen production in dark fermentation. The economic viability of
biohydrogen production from food waste is also discussed.