Four massage therapists who completed a 500-hour training program in massage therapy at an approved school were selected to participate. Training of research therapists included the administration of the scripted and standardized self-massage intervention, written instructions on administrating the WOMAC self-report questionnaire(20), and the measurement and recording of knee ROM procedures. Immediately after each session, all data were rechecked for accuracy for the number of subjects for each session, for missing data, or for missed recordings. The data were entered onto data sheets and then sent to the statistician.