Morphological Images. Although diff

Morphological Images. Although different mechanisms of the antimicrobial activity
of chitosan have been proposed, the exact mechanism remains controversial. Severe
morphological changes, including abnormal shapes and swelling mycelia (Oliveira
Junior, Melo & Franco, 2012) and large vesicles or empty cells devoid of cytoplasm
in the mycelium (Barka, Eullaffroy, Clément & Vernet, 2004) have been explored,
while no morphological changes in chitosan-treated B. cinerea were also reported by
Ghaouth et al. and Mohamed et al. (Ghaouth, Arul, Asselin & Benhamou, 1992;
Mohamed, Sabaa, El-Ghandour, Abdel-Aziz & Abdel-Gawad, 2013). In view of
above-mentioned diverging results reported by other researchers and the significant
different inhibition effect of WCS and SCS against A. sacchari obtained herein,
scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the antifungal mode of WCS
and SCS. As shown in Fig. 5A
1
–A
2
and S8A, a dense and smooth network of hyphae
surrounded by an exopolymeric matrix and elongated hyphae was observed in the
edge of untreated A. sacchari culture. Conversely, abnormal morphological hyphae,
such as aggregation, excessive mycelial branching and unshaped hyphae, were
observed in WCS- and SCS-treated A. sacchari (Fig. 5B
1
–B
2
, S8B and Fig. 5C
1
S8C). In the case of WCS-treated A. sacchari, a large irregularly spherical and/or
club-shaped cluster was obviously observed on the end of the deformed and twisted
hyphae (Fig. 5B
1
–B
2
and S8B), which is similar with pyridine chitosan-treated B.
cinerea (Jia, Duan, Fang, Wang & Huang, 2016). However, the different hyphae
–C
2
,

Results (Indonesian) 1:

Gambar morfologi. Meskipun mekanisme yang berbeda dari aktivitas antimikroba chitosan telah diajukan, mekanisme yang tepat tetap kontroversial. Parah perubahan morfologi, termasuk bentuk normal dan pembengkakan mycelia (Oliveira Junior, Melo & Franco, 2012) dan vesikel besar atau sel kosong tanpa sitoplasma di miselium (Barka, Eullaffroy, Clément & Vernet, 2004) telah dieksplorasi, Sementara tidak ada perubahan morfologi diperlakukan chitosan B. cinerea juga dilaporkan oleh Ghaouth et al. dan Mohamed et al. (Ghaouth, Agus, Asselin & Benhamou, 1992; Mohamed, daerah Jauf di Saba, El-Ghandour, Abdel Aziz & Abdel-Gawad, 2013). Mengingat disebutkan di atas hasil divergen dilaporkan oleh peneliti lain dan yang signifikan Efek penghambatan berbeda WCS dan SCS terhadap A. sacchari diperoleh di sini, pemindaian elektron mikroskop digunakan untuk menyelidiki modus antijamur WCS dan SCS. Seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam gambar 5A1-A2 dan S8A, Jaringan padat dan halus hyphae Dikelilingi oleh exopolymeric matriks dan memanjang hyphae diamati pada tepi budaya tidak diobati A. sacchari. Sebaliknya, abnormal morfologi hyphae, seperti agregasi, bercabang mycelial berlebihan dan unshaped hyphae, yang diamati di WCS - dan SCS-diperlakukan A. sacchari (Fig. 5B1-B2, S8B dan gambar 5 c1S8C). Dalam kasus diperlakukan WCS-A. sacchari, besar tidak teratur bulat dan/atau klaster berbentuk Club jelas diamati pada akhir cacat dan memutar hyphae (Fig. 5B1-B2 dan S8B), yang ini mirip dengan piridina diperlakukan chitosan-B. cinerea (Jia, Duan, Fang, Wang & Huang, 2016). Namun, hyphae berbeda -C2,