CHAPTER IIIMETHOD OF THE RESEARCH3.

CHAPTER III
METHOD OF THE RESEARCH

3.1 Approach
It is widely known that every literature subject should be interpreted as well as possible. From the early literature grew, the critics have developed the approach in which the product of literature is analyzed. Theyacknowledge some approaches to literary criticism such as formalism, struturalism, post-structuralism, and soon. Each approach has its own way. Based on that, in this research, the writer would like to analyze the data based on the structuralist criticism.
According to Lois Tyson in Critical Theory Today ( 2006 ) structuralist approaches have tended to focus on three specific areas of literary studies: the classification of literary genres, the description of narrative operations, and the analysis of literary interpretation. From that Tyson’s perspective, we could see that the structuralist criticism separates the body and the building of the text to be analyzed. The critics might analyze the literary text by taking the structure in it, so they can make interpretation from it.Besides, the structuralism believes in “the death of the author”, which means that after the literary product is published, the background of the author doesn’t have any influence on it when it is interpreted.
So, based on the little description above, through the structuralist approach, the writer would like to examine the analysis by considering the structure and the element constructing the novel If I Stay, especially analyzing the setting which will become a concern in this research.
3.2 Method
The writer refers to some kinds of objection in content analysis method according to Borg and Gall (1983):
1. To produce descriptive information that gives clearer understanding to the problem.
2. To cross validate research finding. Content analysis is useful in order to check research finding obtained from the studies using a different methodology.
3. To test hypothesis. It is used to explore the relationship and theories.
From those three classifications, the writer uses the first objective whose utilization is to give clearer description to the problem and gives better understanding of setting of place and setting of time.
3.3 Technique
The writer would like to use the qualitative technique to find out the settings in the novel If I Stay. So the writer focuses on the content system while analyzing the whole story of the novel. Borg and Gall, in Educational Research an Introduction (1983)describes that content analysis is a research technique for the objective, systematic, and qualitative description of the manifest content in communication and it is always used to analyze the raw material of any form of written material such as textbook, novel, newspaper, magazine, advertisement, and political speeches.
Based on that little description above, the technique which will be used in the analysis of the settings in the novel If I Stay is analyzing it by focusing on the content system included in it.
3.4 Source of data
All data in this research is taken from the novel entitled If I Stay by Gayle Forman.
3.5 Procedures of data finding
In collecting the data, the writer would like to examine some following steps:
3.5.1 Reading the novel
In this step, the whole story of the novel will be read carefully. The writer would like to pay much attention to every single storyline in order to comprehend all written material in the novel.
3.5.2 Quoting the data
After the whole story of the novel is read. The writer continues quoting the data of settings found in the process of reading.
3.5.3 Identifying the data
Then the writer the evidence and sentence which show the settings
3.6 Procedures of data Analysis
3.6.1 Classifying the data
At this step, the writer would like to classify the setting of place and the setting of time in the novel If I Stay by Gayle Forman.


3.6.2 describing the Causes
In the process of analyzing the setting in the novel, the writer also will find some causes constructing those settings, and afterward she will describe those causes.
3.6.3 Explaining the Effect
At this final step, the writer would like to describe and to show what effect which appears and influences the story.

Results (Indonesian) 1:

CHAPTER IIIMETHOD OF THE RESEARCH3.1 ApproachIt is widely known that every literature subject should be interpreted as well as possible. From the early literature grew, the critics have developed the approach in which the product of literature is analyzed. Theyacknowledge some approaches to literary criticism such as formalism, struturalism, post-structuralism, and soon. Each approach has its own way. Based on that, in this research, the writer would like to analyze the data based on the structuralist criticism.According to Lois Tyson in Critical Theory Today ( 2006 ) structuralist approaches have tended to focus on three specific areas of literary studies: the classification of literary genres, the description of narrative operations, and the analysis of literary interpretation. From that Tyson’s perspective, we could see that the structuralist criticism separates the body and the building of the text to be analyzed. The critics might analyze the literary text by taking the structure in it, so they can make interpretation from it.Besides, the structuralism believes in “the death of the author”, which means that after the literary product is published, the background of the author doesn’t have any influence on it when it is interpreted. So, based on the little description above, through the structuralist approach, the writer would like to examine the analysis by considering the structure and the element constructing the novel If I Stay, especially analyzing the setting which will become a concern in this research.3.2 metodePenulis mengacu pada beberapa jenis keberatan dalam metode analisis isi Borg dan empedu (1983): 1. untuk menghasilkan informasi deskriptif yang memberikan pemahaman yang lebih jelas untuk masalah.2. untuk lintas validasi penelitian. Analisis isi berguna untuk memeriksa temuan penelitian yang Diperoleh dari studi yang menggunakan metodologi yang berbeda.3. untuk menguji hipotesis. Hal ini digunakan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan dan teori.Dari mereka tiga klasifikasi, penulis menggunakan tujuan pertama pemanfaatan yang adalah untuk memberikan gambaran yang lebih jelas untuk masalah dan memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik pengaturan tempat dan pengaturan waktu. 3.3 teknikPenulis ingin menggunakan teknik kualitatif untuk mengetahui pengaturan dalam novel jika saya tinggal. Jadi penulis berfokus pada sistem konten sementara menganalisis seluruh cerita dalam novel. Borg dan empedu, dalam penelitian pendidikan pengenalan (1983) menjelaskan bahwa analisis isi adalah teknik penelitian untuk tujuan, sistematis, dan deskripsi kualitatif konten nyata dalam komunikasi dan ini selalu digunakan untuk menganalisis bahan baku apapun bentuk ditulis bahan seperti buku, novel, koran, majalah, iklan, dan pidato politik. Berdasarkan Deskripsi sedikit di atas, teknik yang akan digunakan dalam analisis pengaturan dalam novel jika saya tinggal adalah menganalisis itu dengan berfokus pada sistem konten yang termasuk di dalamnya. 3.4 Source of dataAll data in this research is taken from the novel entitled If I Stay by Gayle Forman.3.5 Procedures of data findingIn collecting the data, the writer would like to examine some following steps:3.5.1 Reading the novel In this step, the whole story of the novel will be read carefully. The writer would like to pay much attention to every single storyline in order to comprehend all written material in the novel.3.5.2 Quoting the dataAfter the whole story of the novel is read. The writer continues quoting the data of settings found in the process of reading. 3.5.3 Identifying the dataThen the writer the evidence and sentence which show the settings3.6 Procedures of data Analysis3.6.1 Classifying the dataAt this step, the writer would like to classify the setting of place and the setting of time in the novel If I Stay by Gayle Forman.3.6.2 describing the CausesIn the process of analyzing the setting in the novel, the writer also will find some causes constructing those settings, and afterward she will describe those causes.3.6.3 Explaining the EffectAt this final step, the writer would like to describe and to show what effect which appears and influences the story.

Results (Indonesian) 2:

BAB III
METODE PENELITIAN 3.1 Pendekatan Hal ini secara luas diketahui bahwa setiap subjek sastra harus ditafsirkan serta mungkin. Dari literatur awal tumbuh, para kritikus telah mengembangkan pendekatan dimana produk sastra dianalisis. Theyacknowledge beberapa pendekatan kritik sastra seperti formalisme, struturalism, pasca-strukturalisme, dan segera. Setiap pendekatan memiliki cara sendiri. Berdasarkan itu, dalam penelitian ini, penulis ingin menganalisis data berdasarkan kritik strukturalis. Menurut Lois Tyson dalam Teori Kritis Hari ini (2006) pendekatan strukturalis cenderung berfokus pada tiga bidang tertentu studi sastra: klasifikasi genre sastra, deskripsi operasi naratif, dan analisis interpretasi sastra. Dari perspektif itu Tyson, kita bisa melihat bahwa kritik strukturalis memisahkan tubuh dan pembangunan teks yang akan dianalisis. Para kritikus mungkin menganalisis teks sastra dengan mengambil struktur di dalamnya, sehingga mereka dapat membuat interpretasi dari it.Besides, strukturalisme yang percaya pada "kematian pengarang", yang berarti bahwa setelah produk sastra diterbitkan, latar belakang Penulis tidak memiliki pengaruh pada ketika itu ditafsirkan. Jadi, berdasarkan uraian sedikit di atas, melalui pendekatan strukturalis, penulis ingin meneliti analisis dengan mempertimbangkan struktur dan elemen membangun novel Jika saya tinggal, terutama menganalisis pengaturan yang akan menjadi perhatian dalam penelitian ini. 3.2 Metode Penulis mengacu pada beberapa jenis keberatan dalam metode analisis isi menurut Borg dan Gall (1983): 1. Untuk menghasilkan informasi deskriptif yang memberikan pemahaman yang lebih jelas untuk masalah ini. 2. Untuk menyeberangi temuan penelitian validasi. Analisis isi berguna untuk memeriksa hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari studi menggunakan metodologi yang berbeda. 3. Untuk menguji hipotesis. Hal ini digunakan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan dan teori. Dari ketiga klasifikasi, penulis menggunakan tujuan pertama yang pemanfaatan adalah untuk memberikan gambaran yang lebih jelas untuk masalah ini dan memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik dari pengaturan tempat dan pengaturan waktu. 3.3 Teknik Penulis ingin menggunakan teknik kualitatif untuk mengetahui pengaturan dalam novel Jika saya tinggal. Jadi penulis berfokus pada sistem konten ketika menganalisis keseluruhan cerita novel. Borg dan Gall, dalam Penelitian Pendidikan Pengantar (1983) menjelaskan bahwa analisis isi adalah teknik penelitian untuk tujuan, sistematis, dan deskripsi kualitatif dari konten terwujud dalam komunikasi dan selalu digunakan untuk menganalisis bahan baku dari setiap bentuk tertulis bahan seperti buku teks, Novel, koran, majalah, iklan, dan pidato politik. Berdasarkan deskripsi sedikit di atas, teknik yang akan digunakan dalam analisis pengaturan dalam novel Jika saya tinggal adalah menganalisis dengan berfokus pada konten . sistem termasuk di dalamnya 3.4 Sumber data . Semua data dalam penelitian ini diambil dari novel berjudul Jika saya tinggal dengan Gayle Forman 3.5 Prosedur data menemukan Dalam pengumpulan data, penulis ingin meneliti beberapa langkah-langkah berikut: 3.5.1 Membaca novel Pada langkah ini, seluruh cerita novel akan membaca dengan seksama. Penulis ingin membayar banyak perhatian untuk setiap alur cerita tunggal untuk memahami semua bahan tertulis dalam novel. 3.5.2 Mengutip data Setelah seluruh cerita novel dibaca. Penulis terus mengutip data dari pengaturan yang ditemukan dalam proses membaca. 3.5.3 Mengidentifikasi data Kemudian penulis bukti dan kalimat yang menunjukkan pengaturan 3,6 Prosedur Analisis Data 3.6.1 Klasifikasi data Pada langkah ini, penulis akan ingin mengklasifikasikan pengaturan tempat dan pengaturan waktu dalam novel Jika saya tinggal dengan Gayle Forman. 3.6.2 menggambarkan Penyebab Dalam proses menganalisis pengaturan dalam novel, penulis juga akan menemukan beberapa penyebab membangun pengaturan tersebut, dan setelah itu dia akan menjelaskan penyebab mereka. 3.6.3 Menjelaskan Efek Pada langkah akhir ini, penulis ingin menggambarkan dan menunjukkan apa efek yang muncul dan mempengaruhi cerita.