CULTURE, SOCIETAL VALUES, AND ACCOUNTINGStructural Elements of Culture translation - CULTURE, SOCIETAL VALUES, AND ACCOUNTINGStructural Elements of Culture Indonesian how to say

CULTURE, SOCIETAL VALUES, AND ACCOU

CULTURE, SOCIETAL VALUES, AND ACCOUNTING
Structural Elements of Culture that Affect Business
Hofstede’s pioneering research in the 1970s was aimed at detecting the structural
elements of culture, particularly those that most strongly affect known behavior in
the work situations of organizations and institutions.
Accounting Values
Having identified societal values, is it possible to identify significantly related
accounting values at the subcultural level of the accountant and accounting practice?
Gray (1988) proposed the identification of four accounting values, derived
from a review of accounting literature and practice, as follows:
1. Professionalism versus statutory control: This value reflects a preference for
the exercise of individual professional judgment and the maintenance of
professional self-regulation as opposed to compliance with prescriptive
legal requirements and statutory control.
2. Uniformity versus flexibility: This value reflects a preference for the enforcement
of uniform accounting practices between companies and for the
consistent use of such practices over time, as opposed to flexibility in
accordance with the perceived circumstances of individual companies.
3. Conservatism versus optimism: This value reflects a preference for a cautious
approach to measurement that enables one to cope with the uncertainty
of future events as opposed to a more optimistic, laissez-faire, risk-taking
approach.
4. Secrecy versus transparency: This value reflects a preference for confidentiality
and the disclosure of information about the business only to those who
are most closely involved with its management and financing as opposed
to a more transparent, open, and publicly accountable approach.
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CULTURE, SOCIETAL VALUES, AND ACCOUNTINGStructural Elements of Culture that Affect BusinessHofstede’s pioneering research in the 1970s was aimed at detecting the structuralelements of culture, particularly those that most strongly affect known behavior inthe work situations of organizations and institutions.Accounting ValuesHaving identified societal values, is it possible to identify significantly relatedaccounting values at the subcultural level of the accountant and accounting practice?Gray (1988) proposed the identification of four accounting values, derivedfrom a review of accounting literature and practice, as follows:1. Professionalism versus statutory control: This value reflects a preference forthe exercise of individual professional judgment and the maintenance ofprofessional self-regulation as opposed to compliance with prescriptivelegal requirements and statutory control.2. Uniformity versus flexibility: This value reflects a preference for the enforcementof uniform accounting practices between companies and for theconsistent use of such practices over time, as opposed to flexibility inaccordance with the perceived circumstances of individual companies.3. Conservatism versus optimism: This value reflects a preference for a cautiousapproach to measurement that enables one to cope with the uncertaintyof future events as opposed to a more optimistic, laissez-faire, risk-takingapproach.4. Secrecy versus transparency: This value reflects a preference for confidentialityand the disclosure of information about the business only to those whoare most closely involved with its management and financing as opposedto a more transparent, open, and publicly accountable approach.
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BUDAYA, nilai-nilai sosial, DAN AKUNTANSI
Struktural Elemen Budaya yang Mempengaruhi Bisnis
penelitian perintis Hofstede pada tahun 1970 bertujuan untuk mendeteksi struktur
unsur budaya, terutama mereka yang paling kuat mempengaruhi perilaku yang dikenal di
dalam situasi kerja organisasi dan institusi.
Nilai Akuntansi
Memiliki diidentifikasi nilai-nilai sosial, adalah mungkin untuk mengidentifikasi terkait secara signifikan
nilai-nilai akuntansi pada tingkat subkultur akuntan dan akuntansi praktek?
Gray (1988) mengusulkan identifikasi empat nilai akuntansi, berasal
dari tinjauan literatur akuntansi dan praktek, sebagai berikut:
1 . Profesionalisme vs kontrol hukum: Nilai ini mencerminkan preferensi untuk
pelaksanaan pertimbangan profesional individu dan pemeliharaan
pengaturan diri profesional sebagai lawan sesuai dengan preskriptif
persyaratan hukum dan kontrol hukum.
2. Keseragaman vs fleksibilitas: Nilai ini mencerminkan preferensi untuk penegakan
praktik akuntansi yang sama antara perusahaan dan untuk
penggunaan konsisten dari praktek-praktek tersebut dari waktu ke waktu, sebagai lawan fleksibilitas dalam
sesuai dengan keadaan yang dirasakan perusahaan individu.
3. Konservatisme vs optimisme: Nilai ini mencerminkan preferensi untuk berhati-hati
pendekatan pengukuran yang memungkinkan seseorang untuk mengatasi ketidakpastian
peristiwa masa depan sebagai lawan yang lebih optimis, laissez-faire, berani mengambil resiko
pendekatan.
4. Kerahasiaan vs transparansi: Nilai ini mencerminkan preferensi untuk kerahasiaan
dan pengungkapan informasi tentang bisnis hanya untuk mereka yang
terlibat paling dekat dengan manajemen dan pembiayaan sebagai lawan
untuk pendekatan yang lebih transparan, terbuka, dan akuntabel publik.
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