1. IntroductionKnowledge and technology have changed theform of life o translation - 1. IntroductionKnowledge and technology have changed theform of life o Indonesian how to say

1. IntroductionKnowledge and techno

1. Introduction
Knowledge and technology have changed the
form of life on the planet in a way that it is now almost
impossible to think of life without technology in the
twenty-first century, an era which requires computer
skills and knowledge for most jobs. This calls for a
new form of education which cannot be implemented
through the traditional means of education, particularly
those currently found in Iranian schools (Mortazavi &
Movaqar, 2011).
Furthermore, current limitations on electronic
systems used in basic educations dictate application of
suitable technologies based on the existing
infrastructure and current conditions. Significant
advancements in communication and information
technologies and their vast applications have led many
organizations and governments to large investments in
such technologies. As such, effective management will
depend on effective investment in communications and
information technologies.
Smart schools adopt a new approach to
education which combines IT and curricula in order to
bring substantial changes into teaching and learning
processes. In this approach, teacher acts as a guide
rather than someone who merely communicates
knowledge while students act as creative actors who
actively engage in learning instead of passively consuming this knowledge, and appraisal systems are
process-oriented instead of result-oriented ones
(Garison & Anderson, 2000).
The ultimate objective of establishing smart
schools is to equip students with computer skills and
literacy required to meet the requirements of the
twenty-first century. If the goals of e-learning are
defined as facilitating learning process, focusing on
individual potentials, preparing the stage for learner
growth, creating time- and place-independent means of
learning, developing life-lasting education, improving
education quality, and finally using all effective means
of learning, then education agency will be the best
target for realizing these goals particularly in Iran with
its large student population, suitable infrastructures for
growth and development, and young population
(Alirezayi, 2008). Smart schools are among the most
important achievements of IT developments in
educational programs with advantages and effects that
will go beyond the education environment to provide
students with new experiences and access to unlimited
information (Taleqani, 2010).
Our young society needs smart schools since the
growth of computer technologies has provided
everyone with easy and quick access to vast amounts of
information which were often unavailable in past
schools where teachers passed information, knowledge, skills, and values of their choice to students. Today,
economic and socio-cultural frameworks together with
mass communication tools play an important role in
shaping student perceptions (Moayednia, 2005).
This enhances standard level of student
knowledge and with training courses left behind, IT
and informatics used in smart schools will be quite
helpful in updating teachers’ knowledge and enhancing
their teaching skills by making use of the existing
resources, gaining a more accurate understanding of
students knowledge, and developing courses and their
contents based on this level of knowledge (ibid).
On the other hand, the information society of the
future will require people who can creatively use IT to
promote growth and development. In this era, lack of
up-to-date knowledge, understanding, and skills will
result in unemployment and social inequality, thereby
leading to tension and dissatisfaction. Smart schools
are usually designed based on these requirements as
students at these schools can learn how to extract the
information they need from information networks, how
to interpret them, and how to apply their findings to
solve their problems and to help the development of
their society (Alirezayi, 2008).
Many problems faced in IT development in Iran,
including lack of cultural packages, insufficient skilled
human resources, unfamiliarity with foreign languages,
low levels of research motivations and morale, lack of
practicality, and in one word, lack of life skills, stem
from inefficient traditional education system which
cannot meet the requirements of an ever changing
society (ibid).
Iranian education system is still largely based on
books, and students are required to memorize the
contents of books in order to pass their courses. The
teaching approach is still a teacher-oriented one,
leaving students with only a minor role to play in teaching and learning processes. Therefore, greater
emphasis must be made on education and on
reinforcing stable and lasting infrastructures for elearning.
Smart schools can create significant changes
in the education system. Research Hypothesis: There is
a significant difference between smart and traditional
schools in terms of improvement in learning physics.
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1. IntroductionKnowledge and technology have changed theform of life on the planet in a way that it is now almostimpossible to think of life without technology in thetwenty-first century, an era which requires computerskills and knowledge for most jobs. This calls for anew form of education which cannot be implementedthrough the traditional means of education, particularlythose currently found in Iranian schools (Mortazavi &Movaqar, 2011).Furthermore, current limitations on electronicsystems used in basic educations dictate application ofsuitable technologies based on the existinginfrastructure and current conditions. Significantadvancements in communication and informationtechnologies and their vast applications have led manyorganizations and governments to large investments insuch technologies. As such, effective management willdepend on effective investment in communications andinformation technologies.Smart schools adopt a new approach toeducation which combines IT and curricula in order tobring substantial changes into teaching and learningprocesses. In this approach, teacher acts as a guiderather than someone who merely communicatesknowledge while students act as creative actors whoactively engage in learning instead of passively consuming this knowledge, and appraisal systems areprocess-oriented instead of result-oriented ones(Garison & Anderson, 2000).The ultimate objective of establishing smartschools is to equip students with computer skills andliteracy required to meet the requirements of thetwenty-first century. If the goals of e-learning aredefined as facilitating learning process, focusing onindividual potentials, preparing the stage for learnergrowth, creating time- and place-independent means oflearning, developing life-lasting education, improvingeducation quality, and finally using all effective meansof learning, then education agency will be the besttarget for realizing these goals particularly in Iran withits large student population, suitable infrastructures forgrowth and development, and young population(Alirezayi, 2008). Smart schools are among the mostimportant achievements of IT developments ineducational programs with advantages and effects thatwill go beyond the education environment to providestudents with new experiences and access to unlimitedinformation (Taleqani, 2010).Our young society needs smart schools since thegrowth of computer technologies has providedeveryone with easy and quick access to vast amounts ofinformation which were often unavailable in pastschools where teachers passed information, knowledge, skills, and values of their choice to students. Today,economic and socio-cultural frameworks together withmass communication tools play an important role inshaping student perceptions (Moayednia, 2005).This enhances standard level of studentknowledge and with training courses left behind, ITand informatics used in smart schools will be quitehelpful in updating teachers’ knowledge and enhancingtheir teaching skills by making use of the existingresources, gaining a more accurate understanding ofstudents knowledge, and developing courses and theircontents based on this level of knowledge (ibid).On the other hand, the information society of thefuture will require people who can creatively use IT topromote growth and development. In this era, lack ofup-to-date knowledge, understanding, and skills willresult in unemployment and social inequality, therebyleading to tension and dissatisfaction. Smart schoolsare usually designed based on these requirements asstudents at these schools can learn how to extract theinformation they need from information networks, howto interpret them, and how to apply their findings tosolve their problems and to help the development oftheir society (Alirezayi, 2008).Many problems faced in IT development in Iran,including lack of cultural packages, insufficient skilledhuman resources, unfamiliarity with foreign languages,low levels of research motivations and morale, lack ofpracticality, and in one word, lack of life skills, stemfrom inefficient traditional education system whichcannot meet the requirements of an ever changingsociety (ibid).Iranian education system is still largely based onbooks, and students are required to memorize thecontents of books in order to pass their courses. The
teaching approach is still a teacher-oriented one,
leaving students with only a minor role to play in teaching and learning processes. Therefore, greater
emphasis must be made on education and on
reinforcing stable and lasting infrastructures for elearning.
Smart schools can create significant changes
in the education system. Research Hypothesis: There is
a significant difference between smart and traditional
schools in terms of improvement in learning physics.
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1. Pendahuluan
Pengetahuan dan teknologi telah mengubah
bentuk kehidupan di planet ini dengan cara yang sekarang hampir
tidak mungkin untuk memikirkan hidup tanpa teknologi di
abad kedua puluh satu, sebuah era yang membutuhkan komputer
keterampilan dan pengetahuan untuk sebagian besar pekerjaan. Ini panggilan untuk
bentuk baru dari pendidikan yang tidak dapat dilaksanakan
melalui cara tradisional pendidikan, khususnya
mereka yang saat ini ditemukan di sekolah-sekolah Iran (Mortazavi &
Movaqar, 2011).
Selain itu, keterbatasan saat ini pada elektronik
sistem yang digunakan dalam pendidikan dasar mendikte penerapan
teknologi yang sesuai berdasarkan yang ada
infrastruktur dan kondisi saat ini. Signifikan
kemajuan dalam komunikasi dan informasi
teknologi dan aplikasi mereka yang luas telah menyebabkan banyak
organisasi dan pemerintah untuk investasi besar dalam
teknologi tersebut. Dengan demikian, manajemen yang efektif akan
tergantung pada investasi yang efektif dalam komunikasi dan
teknologi informasi.
Sekolah Cerdas mengadopsi pendekatan baru untuk
pendidikan yang menggabungkan IT dan kurikulum untuk
membawa perubahan substansial dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran
proses. Dalam pendekatan ini, guru bertindak sebagai panduan
daripada seseorang yang hanya berkomunikasi
pengetahuan sementara siswa bertindak sebagai aktor kreatif yang
aktif terlibat dalam pembelajaran bukan pasif mengkonsumsi pengetahuan ini, dan sistem penilaian yang
berorientasi proses, bukan yang berorientasi hasil
(Garison & Anderson, 2000).
Tujuan utama pembentukan pintar
sekolah adalah untuk membekali siswa dengan keterampilan komputer dan
melek huruf yang diperlukan untuk memenuhi persyaratan dari
abad kedua puluh satu. Jika tujuan e-learning yang
didefinisikan sebagai memfasilitasi proses pembelajaran, dengan fokus pada
potensi individu, mempersiapkan panggung untuk pelajar
pertumbuhan, menciptakan cara waktu dan tempat-independen
pembelajaran, pengembangan pendidikan tahan hidup, meningkatkan
kualitas pendidikan, dan akhirnya menggunakan segala cara efektif
belajar, maka lembaga pendidikan akan menjadi yang terbaik
sasaran untuk mewujudkan tujuan-tujuan ini terutama di Iran dengan
populasi siswa yang besar, infrastruktur yang cocok untuk
pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, dan penduduk muda
(Alirezayi, 2008). Sekolah cerdas adalah yang paling
penting prestasi perkembangan IT di
program pendidikan dengan keuntungan dan efek yang
akan melampaui lingkungan pendidikan untuk memberikan
siswa dengan pengalaman baru dan akses tak terbatas
informasi (Taleqani, 2010).
Masyarakat muda kita membutuhkan sekolah pintar sejak
Pertumbuhan teknologi komputer telah memberikan
setiap orang dengan akses mudah dan cepat ke sejumlah besar
informasi yang sering tidak tersedia di masa
sekolah di mana guru menyampaikan informasi, pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan nilai-nilai pilihan mereka kepada siswa. Hari ini,
kerangka ekonomi dan sosial-budaya bersama-sama dengan
alat-alat komunikasi massa memainkan peran penting dalam
membentuk persepsi mahasiswa (Moayednia, 2005).
Hal ini meningkatkan tingkat standar siswa
pengetahuan dan dengan pelatihan yang ditinggalkan, IT
dan informatika yang digunakan di sekolah-sekolah yang cerdas akan cukup
membantu dalam memperbarui pengetahuan guru dan meningkatkan
keterampilan mengajar mereka dengan memanfaatkan yang ada
sumber daya, mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih akurat tentang
pengetahuan siswa, dan mengembangkan kursus dan mereka
isi berdasarkan tingkat pengetahuan (ibid).
Di sisi lain, masyarakat informasi dari
masa depan akan membutuhkan orang-orang yang kreatif dapat menggunakan IT untuk
meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Di era ini, kurangnya
up-to-date pengetahuan, pemahaman, dan keterampilan akan
mengakibatkan pengangguran dan kesenjangan sosial, sehingga
menyebabkan ketegangan dan ketidakpuasan. Sekolah pintar
biasanya dirancang berdasarkan kebutuhan ini sebagai
siswa di sekolah tersebut dapat belajar bagaimana untuk mengekstrak
informasi yang mereka butuhkan dari jaringan informasi, bagaimana
menafsirkan mereka, dan bagaimana menerapkan temuan mereka untuk
memecahkan masalah mereka dan untuk membantu pengembangan
masyarakatnya (Alirezayi, 2008).
Banyak masalah yang dihadapi dalam pengembangan IT di Iran,
termasuk kurangnya paket budaya, tidak cukup terampil
sumber daya manusia, pahaman dengan bahasa asing,
rendahnya tingkat motivasi penelitian dan moral, kurangnya
kepraktisan, dan dalam satu kata, kurangnya keterampilan hidup, berasal
dari sistem pendidikan yang tidak efisien tradisional yang
tidak dapat memenuhi persyaratan yang selalu berubah
masyarakat (ibid).
Sistem pendidikan Iran masih sebagian besar didasarkan pada
buku, dan mahasiswa diwajibkan untuk menghafal
isi buku untuk lulus program mereka. The
pendekatan pengajaran masih satu guru-oriented,
sehingga siswa dengan hanya peran kecil untuk bermain dalam proses belajar mengajar. Oleh karena itu, lebih
menekankan harus dilakukan pendidikan dan
memperkuat infrastruktur yang stabil dan abadi untuk elearning.
Sekolah Cerdas dapat membuat perubahan signifikan
dalam sistem pendidikan. Hipotesis Penelitian: Ada
perbedaan yang signifikan antara cerdas dan tradisional
sekolah dalam hal peningkatan pembelajaran fisika.
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