B 1998 The Comparative Business Scorecard.
B 1998 The Integrated Performance Measurement Framewor.;
B 2000 The Dynamic Performance Measurement System.
B 2001 The Performance Prism.
2. Models to face specific issues in PMM:
B 1980 The Economic Value Added Model.
B 1990 The Performance Measurement Questionnaire.
B 1995 The Return on Quality.
B 1996 The Cambridge Performance Measurement Framework.
B 1996 The Consistent Performance Measurement System.
B 2001 The Action Profit Linkage Model.
B 2004 The Performance Planning Value Chain.
B 2004 The Capability Economic Value of Intangible and Tangible Assets Model.
B 2006 The Performance, Development and Growth Benchmarking System.
B 2007 The Unused Capacity Decomposition Framework.
3. Other relevant models for PMM system design:
B 1988 The Activity-based Costing.
B 1990 The Customer Value Analysis.
B 1999 The European Foundation for Quality Management Model.
B 2001 The Manufacturing System Design Decomposition.
The proposed classification highlights a certain maturity of PMM literature related to large
companies, and it evidences a ten of models that are considered appropriate for managing
PMM initiatives since based on an integrated approach to the issue.
3.2 SMEs: PMSs’ evolution
In this section, the PMSs/researches presented in Table III are discussed. First of all, it is
important to highlight the immaturity of the literature in comparison with that one for large
companies. However, it is evident a time delay of this research field: first PMM models for
large companies come from the 1980s, while first researches related to SME PMM appear
just in the half of 1990s. Of course, in this period, SMEs have basically laid in financial
performance measures used in large companies such as ROI, ROE, ROCE and their
derivates.At the beginning of 2000s, the research on performance measurement in relation to SMEs
takes two directions: the first and main one is the application/adaptation of the models
developed for large companies, the second, is the development of specific models for
SMEs. By following the first direction, it is possible to find cases of implementation of the
well-known BSC, application of quality models like the BEM and application of the ABC. By
the other hand, it was possible to find in the literature just three frameworks proposing an
integrated approach to performance measurement. It is also important to remark that such
models do not demonstrate the right characteristics for moving from performance
measurement to performance measurement and management. It is also interesting to
highlight the fact that, similar to large companies PMM literature, the development of
integrated frameworks seems to have ceased in 2001-2002 in favor of research on more
specific issues. While this phenomenon can maybe be understood in large companies’
research, since it happens after ten years of research evolution and ten of models
developed, it is surely incomprehensible in SMEs research. Equally, it is difficult to justify the