As Kagitcibasi pointed out (1996), considering autonomy as the result of an individuation process or affective separation
from the family may make sense only in very individualistic cultures. In more collectivist cultures, as is the case of Spain,
maintaining close affective ties with parents is, very probably, a requirement for healthy development. These differences in
values and norms may affect the development of autonomy during adolescence and young adulthood and appear as cultural
differences in patterns of interactions between adolescents and others, particularly parents