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The physico-chemical properties of the biochars (yield,composition, pH and EC) were contrasted with a one-way Analysisof Variance (ANOVA), followed by a Dunnett's post-hoc comparison.In all cases, post-hoc comparisons tested for differences betweeneach biochar and the biomass to limit the number ofcomparisons. The assumptions of normality and homogeneity ofvariance were tested through residual histograms and scatterplotsof residuals vs. estimates respectively and a log-transformationwasapplied if necessary (Quinn and Keough, 2002). Tradeoffs betweenbiochar yield, metal immobilisation and carbon sequestration potential(measured by C recalcitrance; O:C) at each pyrolysis temperaturewere visualized in a 3-factor ordination. Prior to plottingthe data, the yield (%), summed concentration of leached metals(mg L1), and the molar O:C were standardized by subtracting theaverage of each variable across biochar treatments and thendividing by the standard deviation to yield an index rangingfrom 2 to 2 for each variable.
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