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THOSE WHO FIGHTThe nobility influenced all aspects of medieval politics, economics, religion, and culture. It is perhaps for this reason alone that European society from about the 12th century on may be termed aristocratic.As the second Estate, the medieval nobility had special legal status. A man who was a member of the nobility was free in his person and in his possessions. As a member of the nobility, he had certain rights and responsibilities: he could raise troops and command them in the field, he held his own courts of justice, he could coined his own money. He was the lord of all those people who settled on his land.The medieval nobility lived without working. Instead, one's identification with the nobility came from their ability as a warrior and also with their complete jurisdiction over their property. From the 13th century on, the medieval kings began to draw upon the middle classes in order to create a bureaucracy that would eventually lay the foundation for royal absolutism of the 16th and 17th centuries. Lastly, it was the Holy Crusades that managed to give the European nobility a chance to dedicate themselves to their Christian lords by conducting missions to rid the Holy Lands of the infidels. European monarchs were more than happy to see their nobility go off and fight, from the one hand, the Crusades served as a safety valve, and on the other, preserved the prestigious status of the monarchies themselves.
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