Secondly, language is arbitrary in the sense that there is no intrinsic connection between the word ‘pen’ and the thing we use to write with The fact that different language have different words for the same object is a good illustration of the arbitrary nature of language.
This also explain the symbolic nature of language: words are just symbols; they are associated with objects, actions, ideas, etc, by convention. “A rose by any other name would smell as sweet” .(Romeo and Juliet)