Interestingly Hollywood faced an even larger threat, one which was not yet identified as a significant enough menace to provide for convincing argument in the Paramount case but, nevertheless, a challenge that brought widespread changes that would help undermine the studio power-base. This, of course, was the rise of television as a popular medium. As discussed more in chapter 14, this new influence from television coincided with-and helped fuel-the independent film movement that was changing the way Hollywood made movies.