Table 5 and Fig. 2 show that the collection
efficiency is high in the cities and states, where private contractors
and NGOs are employed for the collection and
transportation of MSW. Most of the cities are unable to
provide waste collection services to all parts of the city.
Generally, overcrowded low-income settlements do not
have MSW collection and disposal services. The reason is
that these settlements are often illegal and the inhabitants
are unwilling or unable to pay for the services. They throw
away the waste near or around their houses at different
times, which makes the collection and transportation of
waste very difficult in these areas. The Central Pollution
Control Board (CPCB) has collected data for the 299
Class-I cities to determine the mode of collection of
MSW. It is found that manual collection comprises 50%,
while collection using trucks comprises only 49% (CPCB,
2000).