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the skeleton of the vertebrate body serves four functions1. bone forms the supporting and, in many instances, the protecting framework of the body2. many bones serve as first, second, or third class levers, owing to the action of different muscles at different times and to changes in the positions of force and fulcrum. nearly all muscles act at a mechnical disadvantage. the speed at which the weight travels is in drect proportion to the shortness of the force arm, and this is determined by the distance of the insertion of the muscle from the joint, or fulcrum3. bone serves as a storehouse for calcium and phosphorus and for many other elements in small amounts. the greatest drain occurs during pregnancy; conversely, the greatest deposition takes place during growth. in the large breeds, such as the Great Dane and St. Bernard, the skeleton is the system most likely to show the effects of a nutritional deficiency. undermineralization of the skeleton is a common manifestation of underfeeding, improper feeding, or inability of the individual to assimilate food adequately. overnitrition can result in a variety of skeletal diseases4. bone serves as a factory for red blood cells and for several kinds of white blood cells. in the normal adult it also stores far
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