In many cases multivariable observations can not be detected as outliers when each variable is considered independently. Outlier detection is possible only when multivariate analysis is performed, and the interactions among different variables are compared within the class of data. A simple example can be seen in Figure 1.1, which presents data points having two measures on a two-dimensional space. The lower left observation is clearly a multivariate outlier but not a univariate one. When considering each measure separately with respect to the spread of values along the x and y axes, we can is seen that they fall close to the center of the univariate distributions. Thus, the test for outliers must take into account the relationships between the two variables, which in this case appear abnormal.