Quantifying the number of deleterious mutations per diploidhuman genom translation - Quantifying the number of deleterious mutations per diploidhuman genom Indonesian how to say

Quantifying the number of deleterio

Quantifying the number of deleterious mutations per diploid
human genome is of crucial concern to both evolutionary and medical
geneticists
1–3
. Here we combine genome-wide polymorphism
data from PCR-based exon resequencing, comparative genomic
data across mammalian species, and protein structure predictions
to estimate the number of functionally consequential singlenucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) carried by each of 15 African
American (AA) and 20 European American (EA) individuals. We
find that AAs show significantly higher levels of nucleotide heterozygosity
than do EAs for all categories of functional SNPs considered,
including synonymous, non-synonymous, predicted ‘benign’,
predicted ‘possibly damaging’ and predicted ‘probably damaging’
SNPs. This result is wholly consistent with previous work showing
higher overall levels of nucleotide variation in African populations
than in Europeans
4
. EA individuals, in contrast, have significantly
more genotypes homozygous for the derived allele at synonymous
and non-synonymous SNPs and for the damaging allele at ‘probably
damaging’ SNPs than AAs do. For SNPs segregating only in
one population or the other, the proportion of non-synonymous
SNPs is significantly higher in the EA sample (55.4%) than in the
AA sample (47.0%; P ,2.3 310
237
). We observe a similar proportional
excess of SNPs that are inferred to be ‘probably damaging’
(15.9%in EA; 12.1% in AA; P ,3.3 310
211
). Using extensive simulations,
we show that this excess proportion of segregating damaging
alleles in Europeans is probably a consequence of a bottleneck
that Europeans experienced at about the time of the migration out
of Africa.
0/5000
From: -
To: -
Results (Indonesian) 1: [Copy]
Copied!
Quantifying the number of deleterious mutations per diploidhuman genome is of crucial concern to both evolutionary and medicalgeneticists1–3. Here we combine genome-wide polymorphismdata from PCR-based exon resequencing, comparative genomicdata across mammalian species, and protein structure predictionsto estimate the number of functionally consequential singlenucleotidepolymorphisms (SNPs) carried by each of 15 AfricanAmerican (AA) and 20 European American (EA) individuals. Wefind that AAs show significantly higher levels of nucleotide heterozygositythan do EAs for all categories of functional SNPs considered,including synonymous, non-synonymous, predicted ‘benign’,predicted ‘possibly damaging’ and predicted ‘probably damaging’SNPs. This result is wholly consistent with previous work showinghigher overall levels of nucleotide variation in African populationsthan in Europeans4. EA individuals, in contrast, have significantlymore genotypes homozygous for the derived allele at synonymousand non-synonymous SNPs and for the damaging allele at ‘probablydamaging’ SNPs than AAs do. For SNPs segregating only inone population or the other, the proportion of non-synonymousSNPs is significantly higher in the EA sample (55.4%) than in theAA sample (47.0%; P ,2.3 310237). We observe a similar proportionalexcess of SNPs that are inferred to be ‘probably damaging’(15.9%in EA; 12.1% in AA; P ,3.3 310211). Using extensive simulations,we show that this excess proportion of segregating damagingalleles in Europeans is probably a consequence of a bottleneckthat Europeans experienced at about the time of the migration outof Africa.
Being translated, please wait..
Results (Indonesian) 2:[Copy]
Copied!
Mengukur jumlah mutasi yang merusak per diploid
genom manusia menjadi perhatian penting untuk kedua evolusi dan medis
genetika
1-3
. Di sini kita menggabungkan genome-wide polimorfisme
data dari ekson resequencing berbasis PCR, genomik komparatif
data di seluruh spesies mamalia, dan prediksi struktur protein
untuk memperkirakan jumlah singlenucleotide fungsional konsekuensial
polimorfisme (SNP) yang dilakukan oleh masing-masing dari 15 African
Amerika (AA) dan 20 Eropa Amerika (EA) individu. Kami
menemukan bahwa AAS menunjukkan tingkat signifikan lebih tinggi dari nukleotida heterozigositas
daripada EA untuk semua kategori SNP fungsional dipertimbangkan,
termasuk sinonim, non-identik, diprediksi 'jinak',
meramalkan 'mungkin merusak' dan diprediksi 'mungkin merusak'
SNP. Hasil ini sepenuhnya konsisten dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang menunjukkan
tingkat lebih tinggi secara keseluruhan variasi nukleotida pada populasi Afrika
daripada di Eropa
4
. EA individu, sebaliknya, telah secara signifikan
lebih genotipe homozigot untuk alel diturunkan di identik
SNP dan non-identik dan untuk alel merusak di 'mungkin
SNP merusak' dari Aas lakukan. Untuk SNP memisahkan hanya dalam
satu populasi atau yang lain, proporsi non-identik
SNP secara signifikan lebih tinggi di EA sampel (55,4%) daripada di
sampel AA (47,0%; P, 2,3 310
237
). Kami mengamati proporsional yang sama
lebih dari SNP yang disimpulkan menjadi 'mungkin merusak'
(15,9% di EA, 12,1% di AA; P, 3,3 310
211
). Menggunakan simulasi ekstensif,
kami menunjukkan bahwa kelebihan proporsi ini memisahkan merusak
alel di Eropa mungkin konsekuensi dari bottleneck
bahwa Eropa mengalami pada waktu migrasi keluar
dari Afrika.
Being translated, please wait..
 
Other languages
The translation tool support: Afrikaans, Albanian, Amharic, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Basque, Belarusian, Bengali, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Cebuano, Chichewa, Chinese, Chinese Traditional, Corsican, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Detect language, Dutch, English, Esperanto, Estonian, Filipino, Finnish, French, Frisian, Galician, Georgian, German, Greek, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Hausa, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Hindi, Hmong, Hungarian, Icelandic, Igbo, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Japanese, Javanese, Kannada, Kazakh, Khmer, Kinyarwanda, Klingon, Korean, Kurdish (Kurmanji), Kyrgyz, Lao, Latin, Latvian, Lithuanian, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Malagasy, Malay, Malayalam, Maltese, Maori, Marathi, Mongolian, Myanmar (Burmese), Nepali, Norwegian, Odia (Oriya), Pashto, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Punjabi, Romanian, Russian, Samoan, Scots Gaelic, Serbian, Sesotho, Shona, Sindhi, Sinhala, Slovak, Slovenian, Somali, Spanish, Sundanese, Swahili, Swedish, Tajik, Tamil, Tatar, Telugu, Thai, Turkish, Turkmen, Ukrainian, Urdu, Uyghur, Uzbek, Vietnamese, Welsh, Xhosa, Yiddish, Yoruba, Zulu, Language translation.

Copyright ©2025 I Love Translation. All reserved.

E-mail: