The Central BanksThe Fed, Bank of J

The Central Banks
The Fed, Bank of Japan, Monetary Authority of Singapore, and People's Bank of China are the central banks of the United States, Japan, Singapore and China respectively
Responsible for monetary policy and the oversight and regulation of financial markets
Monetary policy is deciding and managing the size of the nation's money supply
Money supply is controlled indirectly
Open-market purchase of government bonds from the pubic by the Fed increases bank reserves and the money supply
Open market sale of government bonds by the Fed to the public decreases reserves and money supply