Open defecation is a practice where people relieve themselves in fields, bushes, open spaces and into open bodies of water.
It poses a serious threat to the health of children. Hundreds of thousands of children die every year because of diseases transmitted through human waste.
In India, nearly half of the population - more than 590m people - relieve themselves in the open.
For many it's a daily ritual and often something they do even when public facilities are available.
Now a state council in the Gujarati city of Ahmedabad has come up with a scheme where children are being paid to use public toilets. Campaigners hope it will improve the situation in a country where diseases such as diarrhoea kill about 200,000 children every year.