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Botox: How Does Botox Work?Last updated: Wednesday 14 October 2015 55 Like331Cosmetic Medicine / Plastic Surgery Dermatology add your opinionemail Knowledge centerBotox is a drug made from a neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum called botulinum toxin. It is used medically to treat certain muscular conditions and cosmetically remove wrinkles by temporarily paralyzing muscles.Botulinum toxin is sold commercially under the names:Botox, Vistabel, Botox cosmetic (OnabotulinumtoxinA or botulinum toxin type A)Dysport (AbobotulinumtoxinA or botulinum toxin type A)Bocouture, Xeomin (IncobotulinumtoxinA or botulinum toxin type A)Myobloc (RimabotulinumtoxinB or botulinum toxin type B).Contents of this article:The origin of botoxHow does botox work?Medical and cosmetic usesHow is the procedure performed?Risks and side effects of botoxFast facts on BotoxHere are some key points about Botox. More detail and supporting information is in the main article.Botox is the most popular cosmetic surgery treatment, with more than 6 million Botox treatments administered each year.Botox is a neurotoxin derived from Clostridium botulinum, an organism found in the natural environment where it is largely inactive and non-toxic.Botulinum toxin is used to reduce fine lines and wrinkles by paralysing the underlying muscles.People also use Botox to treat excessive sweating, migraines, muscular disorders, and some bladder and bowel disorders.Botulism, an infection with botulinum toxin, can cause respiratory failure and prove deadly.Just one gram of botulinum toxin could kill over a million people. Two kilograms could kill the entire human population of Earth.The origin of botoxClostridium botulinum, the organism from which Botox is derived, is found in inactive form in the natural environment, including in the forest and cultivated soils, and in the sediment of lakes, streams, coastal and untreated waters.The bacterium can also be found in the intestinal tracts of mammals and fish and in the gills and viscera of crabs and other shellfish. Such naturally occurring instances of Clostridium botulinum bacteria and spores are typically relatively harmless. Problems only usually arise when the spores transform into vegetative cells and the cell population increases to the point where the bacteria begin producing botulinum toxin, the deadly neurotoxin responsible for botulism.Neurotoxins target the nervous system, disrupting the signaling processes that allow neurons to communicate effectively. The neurotoxin involved in producing Botox, botulinum toxin (abbreviated either as BTX or BoNT), is subdivided into eight types A, B, C [C1, C2], D, E, F, G 18 and H.19
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