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During the last two decades, geneticresearches on coffee plants demonstrated theregulation, function, and interactions of coffeegenes. Several research groups analyzed thecoffee transcriptomes and expressed sequencetags (ESTs) from both Robusta and Arabicacoffee plants [7-8], and other groups utilizedoligo-based microarray containing 15,721unigenes to study the functions of coffee genes involved in bean maturation or resistance topathogens or drought [9], which opens a way forfunctional genomics of coffee plants. The ESTsequences of C. arabica can be found at thepublic website (http://www.coffee.dna.net) [10],and the genome assembly and gene models of C.canephora are available on the Coffee GenomeHub (http://coffee-genome.org) [11]. In addition,transformation systems of coffee plants, utilizingelectroporation [12], microprojectilebombardment [13-17], Agrobacteriumtumefaciens [18-26], or A. rhizozenes [27-31],have been developed to deliver potential targetgenes into coffee plants. However, it takes longtime and is technically difficult to introduceforeign genes into coffee genome due to lowpercentage of successful transformation, whichsignificantly restrains the functional analysis ofpotential genes in coffee plants.
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