Summarizing, we conclude that TPL in
Europe has grown into a substantial industry, whose size is in the US $5 to 7 billion range. Moreover, it is expected that the industry will continue to grow substantially in the coming years [16]. Our survey participants, who are experiencing annual growth rates of more than 40% over the period 1995-1998, confirm this. This average is even higher than other studies show, which might be due to the fact that in the survey we explicitly asked for growth in logistics and not in company sales.