The use of a laser for various applications depends upon the beam properties of laser,
such as direction, divergence, and wavelength or frequency characteristics, which can be
adjusted by the laser components. The features affecting the beam properties of laser
include: size of the gain medium, location, separation and reflectivity of the mirrors of
the optical cavity, and presence of losses in the beam path within the cavity. Some of
these features determine the unique properties of the laser beam