Results (
Thai) 1:
[Copy]Copied!
Rhizoctonia solani, the most widely recognized species of Rhizoctonia was originally described by Julius Kühn on potato in 1858. Rhizoctonia solani is a basidiomycete fungus that does not produce any asexual spores (called conidia) and only occasionally will the fungus produce sexual spores (basidiospores). In nature, R. solani reproduces asexually and exists primarily as vegetative mycelium and/or sclerotia. Unlike many basidiomycete fungi, the basidiospores are not enclosed in a fleshy, fruiting body or mushroom. The sexual fruiting structures and basidiospores (i.e. teleomorph) were first observed and described in detail by Prillieux and Delacroiz in 1891. The sexual stage of R. solani has undergone several name changes since 1891, but is now known as Thanatephorus cucumeris. R. solani is a very common soilborne pathogen with a great diversity of host plants. The Table 1 illustrates the relationship of particular anastomosisQualitative determinations of R. solani in infected plants are made by isolations from infected host plant tissues. Infected plant tissues are cut in pieces of 5 cm, washed in running tap water to eliminate any attached organic debris, and blotted to dry. Small samples of plant tissue (0.5 cm of length) are then cut from the lesions and transferred to an isolation medium, which can be either general (e.g. alkaline water agar) or selective (e. g. modified Ko & Hora medium). The alkaline water agar medium provides a faster way of isolating the fungus than other general media since successful isolation of R. solani can be obtained after 24 h of transfer (Guttierrez et al., 1997).Quantitative determination of R. solani from soils to estimate the inoculum density are based on the saprophitic and/or pathogenic competitive abilities of the fungus. Methods developed from this principle included the burial and subsequent recovery of various substrates as baits for Rhizoctonia. The baits include suscetible host plants, autoclaved seeds, stem segments such as flax, buckwheat, bean, cotton and cereal straw, and even agar baits. Other methods include different soil sieving procedures combined with selective media for the isolation of R. solani from soil. A subsequent method using a multiple-pellet soil-sampler was developed for quantitative estimation of propagule density of R. solani based on placement of weighed amounts of soil, or soil pellets on water agar supplemented with chloramphenicol, or on selective media (Hennis et al. 1978, Ko & Hora 1971, Castro et al. 1988).
Being translated, please wait..
