THE PRIORITY OF PARADIGMSIn this chapter as he refers to it, Kuhn elab translation - THE PRIORITY OF PARADIGMSIn this chapter as he refers to it, Kuhn elab Indonesian how to say

THE PRIORITY OF PARADIGMSIn this ch

THE PRIORITY OF PARADIGMS



In this chapter as he refers to it, Kuhn elaborates on the relationship between rules paradigms and ‘normal science’. I thought this essay was less articulate than the previous essays although he introduces some important concepts which he develops in later chapters. Kuhn suggests that rules govern a research tradition and that there is a common understanding within the research community that forms the research paradigm. However he thinks that scientists are often unaware of the specifics of the research paradigm and instead rely on an intuitive understanding much akin to that proposed by Wittgenstein. Wittgenstein proposed that we know a game by its family of properties. Even if a game doesn’t have all of the properties we identify with a game, we will still be able to recognise it as such through these flexible recognition mechanisms. He goes on to describe science as a ‘ramshackle structure’ with little coherence arguing that if we consider the physical sciences we will see a big difference between related sciences. He gives the example of a chemist and a physicist being asked whether helium is a molecule and giving two entirely different answers. The explanation for this is that the scientists were using different paradigms even though both branches were derived using quantum mechanics.

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THE PRIORITY OF PARADIGMSIn this chapter as he refers to it, Kuhn elaborates on the relationship between rules paradigms and ‘normal science’. I thought this essay was less articulate than the previous essays although he introduces some important concepts which he develops in later chapters. Kuhn suggests that rules govern a research tradition and that there is a common understanding within the research community that forms the research paradigm. However he thinks that scientists are often unaware of the specifics of the research paradigm and instead rely on an intuitive understanding much akin to that proposed by Wittgenstein. Wittgenstein proposed that we know a game by its family of properties. Even if a game doesn’t have all of the properties we identify with a game, we will still be able to recognise it as such through these flexible recognition mechanisms. He goes on to describe science as a ‘ramshackle structure’ with little coherence arguing that if we consider the physical sciences we will see a big difference between related sciences. He gives the example of a chemist and a physicist being asked whether helium is a molecule and giving two entirely different answers. The explanation for this is that the scientists were using different paradigms even though both branches were derived using quantum mechanics.
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PRIORITAS PARADIGMA Dalam bab ini karena ia mengacu pada itu, Kuhn menguraikan tentang hubungan antara aturan paradigma dan 'ilmu normal'. Saya pikir tulisan ini kurang pandai bicara daripada esai sebelumnya meskipun ia memperkenalkan beberapa konsep penting yang ia mengembangkan di bab berikutnya. Kuhn menunjukkan bahwa peraturan pemerintah tradisi riset dan bahwa ada pemahaman yang sama dalam komunitas riset yang membentuk paradigma penelitian. Namun ia berpikir bahwa para ilmuwan seringkali tidak menyadari spesifik dari paradigma penelitian dan bukan mengandalkan pada pemahaman intuitif banyak mirip dengan yang diusulkan oleh Wittgenstein. Wittgenstein mengusulkan bahwa kita tahu permainan oleh keluarganya dari properti. Bahkan jika permainan tidak memiliki semua sifat kita mengidentifikasi dengan permainan, kita masih akan dapat mengenalinya seperti melalui mekanisme ini pengakuan fleksibel. Dia melanjutkan dengan menggambarkan ilmu sebagai 'struktur bobrok' dengan sedikit koherensi dengan alasan bahwa jika kita mempertimbangkan ilmu-ilmu fisik kita akan melihat perbedaan besar antara ilmu terkait. Dia memberikan contoh seorang ahli kimia dan ahli fisika yang ditanya apakah helium adalah molekul dan memberikan dua jawaban yang sama sekali berbeda. Penjelasan untuk ini adalah bahwa para ilmuwan menggunakan paradigma yang berbeda meskipun kedua cabang diturunkan menggunakan mekanika kuantum.





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